DONG Quan-zhong,JIANG Bing-jun,ZHANG Yong,et al.Inheritance Analysis and Gene Mapping of Brown Seed Coat in Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2020,39(03):361-369.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2020.03.0361]
大豆褐色种皮遗传分析及基因定位
- Title:
- Inheritance Analysis and Gene Mapping of Brown Seed Coat in Soybean
- Keywords:
- Soybean; Brown seed coat; I gene; Gene location
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为解析大豆籽粒种皮黄色向褐色突变的遗传规律及分子基础,本研究以田间发现的稳定繁殖的黄色种皮大豆中出现褐色种皮突变体及其原始品种为材料，进行田间表型性状鉴定。利用大豆20对染色体上的176个SSR标记对4对自然突变为褐色种皮的突变体及其原始品种进行基因型鉴定。利用种皮色突变体与其原始品种和非原始品种进行正向杂交和反向杂交试验，并对F1、F2种皮色的分离情况进行统计分析。利用A2连锁群上全部72对SSR标记对双亲遗传背景差异大的北豆14×克H09-95的F2群体进行基因型鉴定。研究结果表明：褐色种皮的突变体是其对应的原始品种的近等基因系；褐色突变是可遗传的，受细胞核基因控制，与细胞质遗传无关；黄色种皮对自然突变的褐色种皮表现为显性，经卡方检验，杂种后代中种皮的黄色与褐色分离比例符合3∶〖KG-*3/5〗1的孟德尔的独立遗传规律，与经典遗传学的遗传方式是一致的。突变发生在A2连锁群的sat_162和SSR53区间内。在大豆公共物理图谱（http://www.soybase.org）上SSR53和sat_162区间包含GmIRCHS结构（曾被预测为I基因）区间，因此可证明参与控制种皮或种脐颜色性状的A2染色体上的经典位点I位点自然突变是黄色种皮变为褐色的原因。在研究的过程中，开发了A2染色体上的1个新的控制种皮颜色的标记SSR53。
- Abstract:
- In order to analyze the genetic rule and molecular basis of soybean seed coat mutation from yellow to brown, the mutant lines of brown seed coat (MLBSC) and its original parents of yellow seed coat (OPYSC) were evaluated in the field. Four pairs of MLBSC and OPYSC were genotyped by 176 simple sequence repeat (SSR) on 20 chromosomes. The positive cross and reverse crosses were mated between MLBSC and the yellow seed coat including OPYSC and the non-OPYSC, the statistical analysis on the segregation of seed number with two kinds of coat color in F1 and F2 was conducted. Genotyping of F2 individuals of cross Beidou 14×KeH 09-95 was conducted by 72 SSR markers in A2 linkage group. The results showed that the mutants of the brown seed coat were the isogenic lines of the original parents. Mutation of brown seed coat was heritable and was controlled by nuclear genes without domination of cytoplasmic inheritance. The yellow seed coat was dominant to the naturally mutated brown seed coat. By Chi-square test, the yellow and brown separation ratio of seed coat in the hybrid offspring was in accordance with the Mendelian independent genetic law of 3∶1 which was consistent with the genetic mode of classical genetics. The mutation occurred in the interval between sat_162 and SSR53 on A2 linkage group. The GmIRCHS structure (previously predicted to be I gene) has been found in the interval between SSR53 and sat_162 in the soybean common physical map (http://www.soybase.org). Summarizing above researches, the natural mutation of the classical I locus on A2 chromosome was the cause of the variation of seed coat color from yellow to brown. During the study, a new marker SSR53 related with seed color on the A2 chromosome was developed.
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