[1]张广娜,陈利军,陈振华,等.大豆轮作与连作对黑钙土酶活性和动力学特性的影响[J].大豆科学,2008,27(05):795-800.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2008.05.0795]
　ZHANG Guang-na,CHEN Li-jun,CHEN Zhen-hua,et al.Effects of Different Cropping Systems of Soybean on Chernozem Enzyme Activities and Kinetic Parameters[J].Soybean Science,2008,27(05):795-800.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2008.05.0795]
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大豆轮作与连作对黑钙土酶活性和动力学特性的影响

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第27卷 期数: 2008年05期 页码: 795-800 栏目: 出版日期: 2008-10-25
Title:
Effects of Different Cropping Systems of Soybean on Chernozem Enzyme Activities and Kinetic Parameters
文章编号:
1000-9841(2008)05-0795-06
作者:
张广娜1; 2; 陈利军; 陈振华1; 2; 张玉兰1; 2
1中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所，辽宁 沈阳 110016；
2中国科学院研究生院，北京 100049
Author(s):
ZHANG Guang-na1; 2; CHEN Li-jun1; CHEN Zhen-hua1; 2; ZHANG Yu-lan1; 2
1Institute of Applied Ecology，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Shenyang，110016，Liaoning：
2Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing，100049，China
关键词:
大豆; 轮作; 连作; 酶活性; 动力学特性
Keywords:
Soybean; Rotation; Soybean continuous cropping; Soil enzyme activities; Dynamic parameters
分类号:
S154.2
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2008.05.0795
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
大豆连作减产是制约大豆单产提高的重要因素，拟通过对大豆连作、大豆-玉米轮作和大豆-高粱轮作制度下土壤酶活性及酶动力学特性的研究，阐明大豆轮作与连作对土壤生物学质量的影响。测定了与土壤碳、氮、磷、硫转化有关的9种酶的酶活性 (α-半乳糖苷酶、β-半乳糖苷酶、α-葡糖苷酶、β-葡糖苷酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、磷酸单酯酶、磷酸二酯酶、芳基硫酸酯酶)，以及β-葡糖苷酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、磷酸单酯酶、磷酸二酯酶和芳基硫酸酯酶的动力学参数。结果发现：大豆-玉米轮作全硫量降低幅度最大；大豆-玉米轮作制度下土壤β-半乳糖苷酶、β-葡糖苷酶和蛋白酶的活性与大豆连作相比有显著提高。大豆-高粱轮作制度下除β-半乳糖苷酶活性显著低于大豆连作外，其它均与连作方式无显著差异。大豆-玉米轮作制度显著降低了β-葡糖苷酶和磷酸二酯酶的Km值，显著提高蛋白酶、磷酸单酯酶和芳基硫酸酯酶的Vmax值，以及磷酸单酯酶和磷酸二酯酶的Vmax/Km值。大豆-高粱轮作制度可以显著降低土壤脲酶的Km值，显著提高脲酶和芳基硫酸酯酶的Vmax/Km值。3种种植制度下，大豆-玉米轮作制度对酶活性的提高作用较大。
Abstract:
Continuous cropping decrease soybean yields.To understand the effects of different cropping systems of soybean on the activities and kinetic parameters of enzymes related to the C，N，P and S transformation in chernozem，surface soil (0-20 cm) samples were collected from the experimental fields under soybean continuous cropping，soybean-maize rotation，and soybean-sorghum rotation in Daqing City of Heilongjiang Province，and the activities of α-and β-galactosidase，α-and β-glucosidase，urease，protease，phosphomonoesterase，phosphodiesterase，and arylsulphatase，as well as the kinetic parameters of β-glucosidase，urease，protease，phosphomonoesterase，phosphodiesterase，and arylsulphatase were measured.The results showed that under soybean-maize rotation，the activities of β-galactosidase，β-glucosidase and protease increased significantly，while arylsulphatase activity had the greatest decrease，compared with those under soybean continuous cropping.Under soybean-sorghum rotation，the activities of all test enzymes except β-galactosidase had no significant differences with those under soybean continuous cropping.Soybean-maize rotation decreased the Km value of β-glucosidase and phosphodiesterase but increased the Vmax value of protease，phosphomonoesterase and arylsulphatase as well as the Vmax/Km ratio of phosphomonoesterase and phosphodiesterase significantly，while soybean-sorghum rotation decreased the Km value of urease but increased the Vmax/Km ratio of urease and arylsulphatase significantly.Compared with other two cropping systems soybean-maize rotation can increase soil enzyme activity better.

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备注/Memo

基金项目：中科院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(KZCX3-SW-445); 国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2006BAD10B01)。

作者简介：张广娜(1983- ), 女, 硕士, 研究方向为土壤植物营养。E-mail: klikli2002@163.com。
通讯作者：陈利军, 研究员。 E-mail: ljchenchina@hotmail.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2014-10-06