Peng Yuhua Hu Shuixiu.STUDY ON SHRIVELED SEEDS OF SOYBEAN DEVELOPEDIN NORTHERN& GROWN IN SOUTHERN AREA[J].Soybean Science,1997,16(04):343-347.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.1997.04.0343]
北方大豆种质引种南方后种子皱缩的研究
- Title:
- STUDY ON SHRIVELED SEEDS OF SOYBEAN DEVELOPEDIN NORTHERN& GROWN IN SOUTHERN AREA
- Keywords:
- Soy bean; Water lo ss rate; Shriv eled soybea n seeds
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 利用6个大豆种质研究不同水分散失速度下,由亚热带- 热带高温所致皱缩型大豆种子表现的差异,通过本次研究及以往的观察,我们发现原产北方地区的大豆种质,在黄淮大豆生态区及其以南种植,普遍产生皱缩型种子而失去活力,因而在黄淮以南很难保存原产上述地区的大豆种质,限制了对大豆优良基因源的开发和利用。通常情况下,品种间的皱缩粒率有很大差异,变幅在7. 46% -8 8. 68% 之间,若在生理成熟期加快水分散失速度, 则这一变幅为10. 29% -93. 27% ,而在生理成熟期后期减缓水分损失速度, 这一比率可降至0. 57% -87. 1%。即加快水分散失可使大豆种子皱缩趋于严重,而减缓水分散失则可有效降低皱缩型种子的比率。虽然植株的水分散失速度与土壤水分、大气温度和湿度以及品种本身有关,在鼓粒饱满、叶片转黄前后进行植株收获、风干,即可有效减缓植株的失水速度,从而显著降低皱缩型种子比率,在高温干旱条件下明显改善原产冷凉地区大豆种子的活力。
- Abstract:
- Six soybea n v arieties, of w hich fiv e hav e the o rigin of high-ati tude a nd co ol regiono f Heilo ng jia ng , China, w ere int roduced to the inv estig atio n to observ e thei r perfo rmance of t ro pical /subt ro pical-conditio n induced shriveled seeds uneler dif ferent w aterlo ss ra tes. From the study and o ther fo rmer obesrva tio ns, w e find tha t it i s common fo rsoybean v arieties dev elo ped in hig h-lati tude and cool a reas, i f planted in tro pical o r subtropical a reas, to yield a large number of shriv eled seeds. These seeds are ex t remelyw eak in germinatio n and emergence abi li ties. Therefo re, it is v ery dif ficul t to introducesoybean va rieties f rom hig h-lati tude /co ol regio ns to tro pical /subt ropical regio ns for bothproductio n a nd germplasm purposes. There is v ery sig ni fica nt va riation of ratios ofshriv eled seeds among va rieties ra nging f rom 7. 46 to 88. 68% under normal w ater lo ssra te, 10. 29 to 93. 27% under accelera ted w ater loss rate and 0. 57 to 87. 1% under slow ed w ater loss rate. Accelera ted w ater lo ss rate ca n obv iously increase the number ofshriv eled seed of most so ybean v areties, a nd slow ed w ater lo ss ra te can ef fectiv ely decreaseshriv eled seeds. When combined w ith adequate sow ing time, slow ed w ater lo ssra te can reduce shriveled seed rate f rom as hig h as 76. 67 to as low as 10. 58% . lt w asconcluded that w ater loss ra te, influenced by soil moi sture, atmosphere humidi ty andva ria tion of w ater-ho lding abi li ty amo ng v arieties, w as the mo st impo rtant and di rectfacto r tha t resul ts in the fo rmation of shriv eled soybea n seeds, a nd t ro pical / subt ropicalva rieties might hav e st ronger abi li ty of w ater-holding than tho se of v arities developed inhigh-lati tude /cool areas.
参考文献/References:
[1 ] Dhing ra O. D. , et al. , 1973, Iuf lu ence of temperature on recovery of As per gi llus f lavus f rom soybean seedPl an t Di s. Res. 57: 185- 287
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