[1]刘明,王贞杰,孙亚男,等.基于主茎力学特性的大豆种质资源抗倒伏性分析[J].大豆科学,2023,42(01):23-31.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2023.01.0023]
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基于主茎力学特性的大豆种质资源抗倒伏性分析

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第42卷 期数: 2023年01期 页码: 23-31 栏目: 出版日期: 2023-01-20
作者:
刘明1; 王贞杰1; 孙亚男1; 赵彩桐1; 韩德志2; 李文滨1; 姜振峰1
1.东北农业大学 大豆生物学教育部重点实验室/农业农村部东北大豆生物学与遗传育种重点实验室，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030； 2.黑龙江省农业科学院 黑河分院，黑龙江 黑河 164300
关键词:
大豆; 种质资源; 主茎力学特性; 抗倒伏系数; 种植密度
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2023.01.0023
摘要:
为从力学角度分析栽培年份、种植密度及主要化学成分指标对大豆种质资源抗倒伏性的影响，为基于主茎力学特性进行大豆抗倒伏的资源鉴定和新品种选育提供理论依据，本研究于2020和2021年在田间种植190份大豆资源，在成熟期测量株高、直径、折断力3种主茎表型性状及木质素、纤维素含量两种化学成份指标，对不同种植年份不同大豆资源的主茎表型性状进行方差分析，对各大豆资源3种主茎表型性状进行相关性分析。同时，在2020年筛选抗倒伏特性差异明显的20份大豆材料，于2021年进行盆栽种植，设置两个种植密度处理（20万和30万株·hm-2），在成熟期测定主茎表型性状和化学成份指标，并计算弹性模量和抗倒伏系数，分析种植密度及主茎力学相关指标与大豆抗倒伏性的关系。结果表明：年份与折断力互作、品种（系）与折断力互作显著。年际间环境条件差异对折断力有较大影响，折断力大的品种（系）抗倒伏系数也高。主茎折断力与直径呈正相关，而直径与株高之间无明显规律。大豆抗倒伏系数与折断力、弹性模量呈极显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.90和0.42。两个种植密度下折断力较大的品种（系）植株抗倒伏系数和弹性模量均大于折断力较低的品种（系）。抗倒伏系数与茎秆木质素含量和纤维素含量呈极显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.68和0.72。综上表明大豆植株抗倒伏特性与主茎力学特性指标间关系密切，可以利用主茎折断力对大豆资源抗倒伏特性强弱进行区分，木质素和纤维素含量高的大豆资源抗倒伏能力强。综合考虑具体栽培条件可进一步提高大豆资源抗倒伏性分析结果的准确性。

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备注/Memo

国家自然科学基金（31571693，32172072）；黑龙江省自然科学基金（LH2021C025）。

更新日期/Last Update: 2023-01-20