LU Cheng,GONG Qing-tao,TAO Yu-jia,et al.Effects of High Temperature at Full Flowering Stage on Podding and Yield of Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2021,40(04):504-509.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2021.04.0504]
盛花期高温对大豆结荚及产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of High Temperature at Full Flowering Stage on Podding and Yield of Soybean
- Keywords:
- Soybean; The full flowering stage; High temperature; Pods; Yield
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为探明花期高温对大豆结荚和产量的影响及其生理机制，以大豆品种濉科12为材料，于盛花期（R2）在大棚内进行连续3 d高温处理(9∶00—16∶00，45±2 ℃；16∶00—次日9∶00，自然环境温度)，研究盛花期高温胁迫对大豆结荚状况、荚和荚柄内部解剖结构、荚的氧化胁迫和产量构成的影响。结果表明：盛花期高温对大豆叶片的影响是非延续性的且对后期的“源”没有影响，但会导致受高温影响的花后期形成荚的H2O2和MDA含量上升；部分荚的荚柄细胞崩溃呈丝状、荚壳维管束变稀疏，导致“流”不畅，籽粒内部细胞中空，减少“库”的数量，造成落荚，空瘪荚、缺粒荚增多，总粒数减少，粒重降低，产量下降；副花序可在一定程度上补偿高温带来的产量损失。因此盛花期高温对大豆“流”和“库”造成影响，最终导致减产。
- Abstract:
- The aim of this study was to explore the effects of high temperature at full flowering stage on podding and yield of soybean and its physiological mechanism. We used soybean variety Suike 12 as material. At the full flowering stage (R2), 3 days high temperature treatment (R2H, 9∶00-16∶00, 45±2℃; 16∶00-9∶00 next day, normal ambient temperature) in the greenhouse was set up, and taking 24 h normal ambient temperature as control. The effects of heat stress at full flowering stage on podding, anatomical structure, oxidative stress and yield components of soybean were studied. The results showed that the effects of high temperature on leaves at R2 stage was not continuous, which did not effect the “source” in the later period, while high temperature increased the contents of H2O2 and MDA in the pods of stressed flowers. The stalk cells of some pods were affected by high temperature, which collapsed into filaments and the vascular bundles of pod shell became sparse, which led to unfluent “flux”, hollow seed and less “sink”, such as pods falling, more empty and seedless pods, fewer seeds, lower seed weight and lower yield. The accessory inflorescence might compensate the yield loss caused by high temperature to some extent. Therefore, high temperature at full flowering stage affected the “flux” and “sink” of soybean, which eventually led to yield reduction.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2021-01-18