LI Wen-jing,GAO Yu,HU Ying-lu,et al.Effects of the Riptortus pedestris on Staygreen Syndrome and Yield of Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2020,39(01):116-122.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2020.01.0116]
点蜂缘蝽(Riptortus pedestris)为害对大豆植株“症青”发生及产量损失的影响
- Title:
- Effects of the Riptortus pedestris on Staygreen Syndrome and Yield of Soybean
- Keywords:
- Riptortus pedestris; Soybean; Staygreen syndrome; Agronomic traits; Yield; Correlation analysis
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为明确点蜂缘蝽为害对大豆植株“症青”发生及产量损失的影响，采用人工罩网接虫法，设置6个密度处理，分别为每株0，0.5，1.0，1.5，2.0，2.5头，分别于盛花期（R2）、盛荚期（R4）和满粒期（R6）接点蜂缘蝽成虫，收获期系统观察大豆株高等主要农艺性状、“症青”症状（持绿叶片数）、主要产量性状及产量指标，分析接虫时期、接虫密度与上述各指标的相关性及差异显著性。结果表明：各时期接虫处理对大豆植株生长发育及产量的影响程度均呈随接虫密度增加而加重趋势。其中，R2期株高增加不显著，且均无“症青”植株发生；R4和R6期株高、节间距和“症青”等指标均随接虫密度的增加而显著增加；单株有效荚数、粒数、产量等均随接虫密度增加而显著下降，各产量性状及产量损失率与接虫密度之间呈显著正相关；植株持绿叶片数与接虫密度之间亦呈显著正相关，即接虫密度越大“症青”现象越明显。相同密度不同时期接虫处理结果显示，R4期大豆植株“症青”和产量损失等受害程度显著高于R2和R6。同时，大豆植株“症青”发生程度与单株产量损失率之间亦呈显著正相关，即植株“症青”越重其产量损失率越高。可见，点蜂缘蝽为害对大豆“症青”现象及产量的影响不仅与点蜂缘蝽密度有关，还与其为害时期密切相关，R4期是防控其为害的关键时期。
- Abstract:
- The effect of Riptortus pedestris on staygreen syndrome (‘Zhengqing’) and yield of soybean was clarified in the greenhouse.Six treatments with the density as 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 per plant were set through inoculating insects to soybean plant in the flowering stage (R2), pod period (R4), full seed period (R6). The plant height and green leaf amount, main traits and yield indexes of soybean plants were observed. The correlation between the insects density and the above indexes, and the differences in different stages were analyzed. The results showed that the effects of inoculating insect treatments on the growth and yield of soybean plants at different stages increased with the increasing of insect density. Plant height in R2 stage didn′t significantly increased and there was no staygreen plants occurred. The height,pitch spacing and staygreen plants in R4 and R6 stages were significantly increased with the increasing of the insect density.The effective pod, seed and yield per plant decreased significantly with the increasing of insect density. In other word,the higher the insect density, the more apparent the staygreen syndrome. The results of insect treatment with the same densities in different densities showed that the damage degree of ‘Zhengqing’ and yield loss in R4 stages were significantly higher than that in R6 and R2 stage.Meanwhile, there was also a significant positive correlation between the occurrence degree of soybean staygreen syndrome and the yield loss rate per plant, that is, the heavier the staygreen syndrome, the higher the yield loss rate.So the effect of insect infestation on soybean stay green syndrome and yield is not only related to the density of insect infestation, but also closely related to its damage period. R4 stage is a key period to prevent and control pest infestation. The results provided a scientific basis for predicting the damage of Riptortus pedestris to soybean and determining the critical period of field control.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2019-06-28基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0201004）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-04）。