Han XiaozengPei YufengWang ShouyuZu WeiLiu LijuN.EFFECTS OF WATER- NITROGEN COUPLING ON THEGROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOYBEANⅡ. Effects of Water-Nitrogen Coupling on the Physiological Characteristics of Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2006,25(02):103-108.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2006.02.0103]
水氮耦合对大豆生长发育的影响Ⅱ.水氮耦合对大豆生理特征的影响*
- Title:
- EFFECTS OF WATER- NITROGEN COUPLING ON THEGROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOYBEANⅡ. Effects of Water-Nitrogen Coupling on the Physiological Characteristics of Soybean
- Keywords:
- Soybean ; Water-nitrogen coupling ; Photosynthetic rate ; Stomatal conductance ; Transpirationrate
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 通过大豆生长发育各阶段的不同水氮处理 ,阐明水氮耦合对大豆光合速率 、蒸腾速率 、气孔导度的影响 。结果表明:1 、在土壤水分“特涝”条件下 ,在 R 2 和 R 4 期 , 气孔导度有不同程度的降低,而蒸腾速率总体有升高趋势 ,增施 N 肥降低光合速率 、蒸腾速率、气孔导度, 对大豆产量形成不利;2 、在土壤水分“充足”条件下可以提高光合速率 、蒸腾速率、气孔导度,但随着生育期的推进而递减,增施 N 肥可以提高光合速率 、蒸腾速率 、气孔导度,对大豆产量形成有利;3、在土壤水分“略旱”条件下,导致各生育时段的光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度降低, 特别是 R 2 - R 5 期, 增施 N 肥可以调节水分对光合速率的作用, 同时提高蒸腾速率、气孔导度 ,增强对逆境胁迫的适应能力 ;4、在土壤水分“特旱”条件下, 光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度降低 ,增施 N 肥不能对大豆生理特性起到调节作用 ,而土壤恢复适宜水分后 , N 肥对大豆受旱恢复生长的速度起到一定的调节作用 。大豆 V 6 期遭遇旱、涝水分条件 ,全生育期均会受到不同程度的影响,但是随着生育期的推进,这种影响呈递减的趋势。
- Abstract:
- A pot experiment was conducted for two years to evaluate the effects of water-nitrogen couplingon the physiological characteristics of soybean at different stages of the growth and development. The re-sults showed that :1)under the condition of over-waterlogging the photosynthetic rate (P)of soybean de-clined significantly and turned to be more seriously at later stage , at the stages of R 2 ~ R 4 period and thestomatal conductance (C) decreased as well , but the transpiration rate (E)increased accordingly. The in-creased application of N-fertilizer would give rise to the decline of P , C and E , which explained the yieldloses of soybean ;2)when exposed to the abundant water condition , the P , C and E increased significant-ly , but they were on the way to decreasing with the growing of soybean plants ,the increased application ofN-fertilizer would lead to the increase of P ,C and E , which account for the high yield of soybean ;3)thecondition of a little drought made the P ,C and E declined at different stages, especially. during R 2 ~ R 5 pe-riod, increasing the application of N-fertilizer could readjust the effects of water on P and increase C , E andenhance the adaptability to adversity stress;4)over-drought treatment caused the P , C and E decline sosignificantly that the effects of water on the physiological characteristics of soybean could not be readjustby increasing the application of N-fertilizer. When suitable soil moisture resumed, the application of N-fer-tilizer would affect and further restore the growth speed of soybean in the wake of drought stress. In expo-sure to waterlogging or drought stress at V 6 stage, soybean would suffer by different degrees at later sta-ges of the growth and development though on the way to decreasing gradually. Comparatively , R 2 ~ R 4were the crucial stages that accounted for the yield, and water-fertilizer measures should be conducted.Conclusively , under different water conditions regulating the application of N-fertilizer could ensure thegrow th and development of soybean and reduced the yield loses. Under the waterlogging condition, in-creasing N-fertilizer is harmful to soybean, but it will be useless under the drought condition. IncreasingN-fertilizer applying is helpful to soybean under the condition of abundance , fitting and a little drought.
参考文献/References:
1 梁宗锁, 李新有, 康绍忠. 节水灌溉条件下夏玉米气孔导度与光合速度的关系[ J] . 干旱地区农业研究, 1996, 14(2):101 - 105
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备注/Memo
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(2005CB121101)、中国科学院创新项目(KZCX1 - SW - 19- 2)资助作者简介:韩晓增(1957 -), 男, 研究员, 主要从事土壤与生态学方面研究。E - mail:Hanxz@cern. ac. cn