WANG Wei-wei,WEI Lai,ZHAO Gui-xing,et al.Genetic Structure Analysis of Soybean Bone Parents and Offspring Derivative Variety in Heilongjiang Province[J].Soybean Science,2020,39(05):667-678.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2020.05.0667]
黑龙江省大豆骨干亲本及其后代衍生品种遗传构成解析
- Title:
- Genetic Structure Analysis of Soybean Bone Parents and Offspring Derivative Variety in Heilongjiang Province
- Keywords:
- Soybean; Bone parents; Allelic variation; Genetic contribution
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为挖掘和解析骨干亲本的分子遗传特征，采用田间表型调查、病虫害接种鉴定和SLAF-seg技术相结合的方法，对黑龙江省不同积温区大豆骨干亲本满仓金、绥农4、合丰25、黑农37及其后代衍生品种的遗传性状和基因组遗传特征进行解析。结果表明：满仓金衍生品种在表型性状上有较大改进，如生育期提早，对根腐病抗性增强，品种间叶片的净光合速率有所改进。满仓金与衍生品种间遗传保守位点6 804个，占进化标记位点的8.5%。合交8号继承了满仓金适应性强的特点，改良了满仓金多分枝、高大的特性，使后代品种丰产性增强，特别是杆强、喜肥耐湿的特点明显优于满仓金，合交8号与满仓金的遗传距离为0.562。绥农4号衍生品种的表型性状有所改善，黑河30在结荚习性，生育日数，蛋白质含量，产量性状方面得到明显改进。绥农4号与衍生品种间遗传保守位点3 561个，占标记进化位点的3.44%。合丰55具有绥农4号秆强，耐密，适应性好的特点，SNP位点分析表明73.4%位点是相同的，26.6%位点被新基因替代，这些位点涉及生育日数、产量、油分和净光合速率的变化。合丰25衍生品种蛋白质含量和抗病性明显增强，净光合速率和抗胞囊线虫病指数有变化。合丰25与其衍生品种间遗传保守位点4 834个，占进化位点4.27%。绥农14拥有合丰25的丰富遗传信息，SNP标记位点分析表明72.3%位点是相同的，27.74%位点被遗传改良，这些位点涉及到花色、产量、油份和抗病级别性状的变化；黑农37衍生品种叶型、品质和叶片光合特性有所变化。黑农37与衍生品种间遗传保守位点7 328个，占标记进化位点7.64%。黑农44与黑农37的SNP位点分析表明74.95%位点是相同的，25.1%位点被遗传改良，这些位点涉及到株高、叶型、生育日数、产量、油份和蛋白质含量、胞囊线虫指数和根腐病抗性。骨干亲本与其衍生品种在18号染色体上具有相同的基因组区段，含有一些特殊的重要农艺性状调控位点，如光周期钝感、光合特性、根腐病抗性、产量、抗倒性和节间长度相关的基因组位点，并成为骨干亲本的遗传基础。
- Abstract:
- ?In order to search for and analyze the molecular genetic characteristics of the bone parents, the genetic traits and genomic characteristics of soybean bone parents and offspring derivative from different accumulated temperature regions in Heilongjiang province. Field experiment, inoculation identification and SLAF-seg technique was used to analyse. The results showed that the phenotypic traits of Mancangjin-derived varieties have been greatly improved, such as earlier growth period, increased resistance to root rot, and net photosynthetic rate of leaves between varieties. There were 6 804 genetically conserved sites between Mancangjin and its derivative varieties, accounting for 8.5% of the evolutionary marker sites. Hejiao 8 inherited the characteristics of strong adaptability of Mancangjin, improved the characteristics of Mancangjin′s multiple branches and tallness, and enhanced the yield of offspring, especially the characteristics of strong rods, fertilizer-loving and moisture-resistant characteristics. The genetic distance of Hejiao 8 to Mancangjin was 0.562. In terms of the phenotypic traits of Suinong 4 derivative, Heihe 30 had been significantly improved in pod setting habit, growing days, protein content, and yield traits. There were 3 561 genetically conserved sites between Suinong 4 and its derived varieties, accounting for 3.44% of the marker evolution sites. Hefeng 55 had the characteristics of strong Suinong 4 rods, density tolerance, and good adaptability. It could be seen from the SNP sites that 73.4% of the sites were the same, and 26.6% of the sites were replaced by new genes. These sites were related to the number of reproductive days, in yield, oil content, and net photosynthetic rate. In terms of phenotypic traits, Hefeng 25 derivative varieties had significantly enhanced protein content and disease resistance, and changes in net photosynthetic rate and resistance to cyst nematode disease. There were 4 834 genetically conserved sites between Hefeng 25 and its derived varieties, accounting for 4.27% of the evolutionary sites. Suinong 14 had rich genetic information of Hefeng 25. From the SNP markers, it could be seen that 72.3% of the sites were the same, and 27.74% of the sites had been genetically improved. These sites were related to flower color, yield, oil, and resistance, changes in disease grade traits. In terms of phenotypic traits, the derivative of Heinong 37 showed changes in leaf shape, quality, and leaf photosynthetic characteristics. There were 7 328 genetic conserved sites between Heinong 37 and its derivative varieties, accounting for 7.64% of the marker evolution sites. Heinong 44 and Heinong 37, from the SNP loci, it could be seen that 74.95% of the loci were same, and 25.1% of the loci have been genetically improved. These loci were related to plant height, leaf type, growth days, yield, oil content and protein content, cyst nematode index, and root rot resistance. The backbone parent and its derived varieties had the same genome segment and contain some special important agronomic traits, such as photoperiod insensitivity, photosynthetic characteristics, root rot resistance, yield, lodging resistance, and internode length related genomic loci, and have become the genetic basis of the backbone parents.
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