YAN Jun,CHEN Xu,ZOU Wen-xiu,et al.Effects of Long-Term Organic Manure Application on Yield of Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2019,38(06):943-948.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.06.0943]
长期配施有机肥对大豆产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Long-Term Organic Manure Application on Yield of Soybean
- Keywords:
- Soybean; Black soil; Organic fertilizer application; Yield
- 摘要:
- 为了明确长期化肥配施有机肥对大豆产量及其构成因素的影响，该研究依托中国科学院海伦农业生态实验站长期定位试验，不施肥、施化肥、化肥配施不同量有机肥处理，对比研究不同处理对大豆株高、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重及产量的影响。结果表明：与不施肥处理相比，只施化肥和化肥配施不同量有机肥均增加大豆产量、株高、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重及百粒重。大豆单株荚数对大豆产量的贡献最大。大豆产量和单株荚数均随着配施有机肥量增加而增加，增加的幅度逐渐下降。随着配施有机肥施用量的增加，大豆产量较施化肥处理分别增加了12.8%、25.6%和30.5%，有机肥对大豆产量的贡献分别达11.35%、20.36%和23.36%，对大豆单株荚数的贡献逐渐增加，分别为24.61%、40.68%和47.81%。本研究结果表明化肥对大豆产量贡献大小取决于有机肥的施用量，在低量有机肥施用条件下，化肥作用比较显著，反之化肥作用下降，但有机肥并不能完全取代化肥的作用。
- Abstract:
- The long-term fertilization experiments were conducted to evaluated the contribution of chemical fertilizer and organic manure to soybean yield and yield components in Hailun Agroecology station. The plant height, pod number, seed number, seed weight and yield were determined to clear the effects and contribution of long-term chemical fertilizer and organic manure application on soybean yield and yield components. Results showed that soybean height, pod number, seed number, seed weight and yield was increased with the application of chemical and chemical combined with organic manure. The pod number per plant had the most contribution to the soybean yield for the treatments with the long-term chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer. Soybean yield and pod number per plant were increased with the organic manure application rate while the increasement was decreased. With the increase of organic fertilizer application rate, the soybean yield were 12.8%,25.6% and 30.5% higher than that in the treatment of chemical fertilizer, respectively. The contribution of organic manure were 11.35%, 20.36%and 23.36%, respectively, with the increase of organic manure application rate. The soybean yield were 24.61%, 40.68% and 47.81% higher than that in the treatment of chemical fertilizer, respectively. Therefore, the contribution of chemical fertilizer were determined by the organic manure application rate, the contribution of chemical fertilizer were higher under the low amount organic manure application rate, while the contribution of chemical fertilizer were decreased under the high amount organic manure application rate.
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备注/Memo
基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2018YFD1000905）；黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发入库项目（GA19B101）。第一作者简介：严君（1982-），女，博士，副研究员，主要从事大豆生理与栽培研究。E-mail：yanjun@iga.ac.cn。通讯作者：邹文秀（1982-），女，博士，副研究员，主要从事大豆栽培研究。E-mail：zouwenxiu@iga.ac.cn。