2005—2024年江苏省审定籽粒型大豆品种特征特性与趋势分析
- Title:
- Characteristics and Trend Analysis of Approved Seed-type Soybean Varieties in Jiangsu Province from 2005 to 2024
- 摘要:
- 为进一步挖掘江苏省籽粒型大豆品种潜力，加快高产优质新品种选育，对2005—2024年江苏省审定的124份籽粒型大豆品种的特征特性变化趋势及相关性进行分析。结果表明：随审定年份更替，审定品种的株高、生育期、结荚高度、主茎节数表现出明显的下降趋势；有效分枝、单株荚数、百粒重表现出缓慢的上升趋势；每荚粒数、产量表现出明显的上升趋势；品质性状方面，蛋白质含量表现出缓慢的上升趋势，而脂肪含量则表现出较为明显的上升趋势。相关性分析结果表明：审定品种的产量与生育期、株高、结荚高度、主茎节数、有效分枝数、蛋白质含量之间呈负相关关系，且达极显著或显著水平，而产量与每荚粒数、脂肪含量之间呈极显著的正相关关系，同时百粒重与每荚粒数之间呈显著正相关关系，脂肪含量和蛋白质含量之间呈极显著负相关关系。因此，今后在江苏省籽粒型大豆新品种的选育过程中，宜加强单株荚数、每荚粒数、百粒重的协同改良，适当缩短生育期，降低株高，结荚高度和减少有效分枝数，协调好产量与品质的关系，培育出更多的优质高产大豆新品种，促进江苏省大豆产业的发展。
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