HE Rui,WANG Qing-yan,FAN Qi,et al.Effects of Thidiazuron on Soybean Seeds Morphogenesis and Physiological Indexes of Nitrogen Metabolism[J].Soybean Science,2022,41(06):718-725.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2022.06.0718]
噻苯隆对大豆籽粒建成和氮代谢生理指标的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Thidiazuron on Soybean Seeds Morphogenesis and Physiological Indexes of Nitrogen Metabolism
- Keywords:
- thidiazuron; soybean; seeds formation; nitrogen metabolism; yield
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为探究植物生长调节剂噻苯隆（Thidiazuron）对大豆籽粒建成及氮代谢的影响，本研究以大豆品种东农豆252为材料，在盆栽条件下，设置盛花期喷施不同浓度（0.2，1.0和5.0 mg·L-1）噻苯隆处理，测定不同浓度处理下的大豆单株产量、籽粒形态、氮代谢关键酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量和氨基酸含量，并分析噻苯隆对大豆氮素代谢和籽粒建成的影响。结果表明：噻苯隆处理可显著提高大豆单株籽粒产量，0.2，1.0和5.0 mg· L-1处理分别比对照显著提高14.28%、14.89%和14.29%。噻苯隆处理对大豆单株产量的提高，一方面归因于单株荚数的增加；另一方面归因于粒重的提高，处理后45 d，0.2，1.0和5.0 mg·L-1处理籽粒干重分别比对照显著提高11.15%、11.51%和10.08%。对于氮素代谢，0.2~1.0 mg·L-1噻苯隆处理，一方面可提高大豆叶片氮代谢关键酶活性，促进籽粒形成前期（噻苯隆处理后9~18 d）叶片可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸的积累；另一方面可促进氮素由叶片向籽粒的转运，籽粒形成后期（处理后36~45 d）大豆叶片游离氨基酸含量比对照显著降低；进而提高籽粒氮素代谢水平，籽粒氮素代谢关键酶活性提高，籽粒可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸积累增加。综上，噻苯隆处理可以促进大豆叶片氮素代谢，强化氮素向籽粒的转运和积累，提高大豆籽粒干重，达到增产效果。其中0.2~1.0 mg·L-1浓度范围的噻苯隆处理效果较佳。
- Abstract:
- To explore the effects of plant growth regulator thidiazuron on soybean seeds formation and nitrogen metabolism， the effects of plant growth regulator thidiazuron on soybean seeds formation and nitrogen metabolism were explored in this study. Soybean cultivar Dongnongdou 252 was used as the material. The different concentrations (0.2， 1.0 and 5.0 mg·L-1) of thidiazuron were sprayed on the foliar surface under pot conditions. Soybean yield， seed shape， key enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism， soluble protein content and amino acid content were measured. The results showed that thidiazuron treatment significantly increased the soybean seeds yield per plant， and the treatments of 0.2， 1.0 and 5.0 mg·L-1 significantly increased by 14.28%， 14.89% and 14.29% compared with the control， respectively. The improvement of soybean yield per plant of thidiazuron treatment was attributed to the increase of the pods number per plant on the one hand， and the increase of seeds weight on the other hand. At 45 d after treatment， the dry weight of seeds in the treatments of 0.2， 1.0 and 5.0 mg·L-1 increased significantly by 11.15%， 11.51% and 10.08%， respectively， compared with the control. In terms of nitrogen metabolism， thidiazuron treatment， especially 0.2-1.0 mg·L-1 concentration treatments， on the one hand， improved the activity of key enzymes in nitrogen metabolism in soybean leaves and promoted the early stage of seeds formation (9-18 d after thidiazuron treatment), accumulation of soluble protein and free amino acids in leaves. On the other hand， the transfer of nitrogen from leaves to seeds was promoted， and the free amino acid content of soybean leaves at the later stage of seeds formation (36-45 d after treatment) was significantly lower than that of the control. In turn， the level of seed nitrogen metabolism was improved， the activity of key enzymes in seed nitrogen metabolism was increased， and the accumulation of seed soluble protein and free amino acids were increased. In conclusion， thidiazuron treatment can improve soybean leaf nitrogen metabolism， promote nitrogen transfer to seeds and accumulate， increase soybean seeds dry weight， and achieve the effect of yield increasing. Among them， the treatment effect of thidiazuron in the concentration range of 0.2-1.0 mg·L-1 was the best.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2022-05-03