WANG Xin-xin,ZHAO Jing-jing,FENG Nai-jie,et al.Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Physiological Activity and Yield of Different Soybean Canopy Leaves of Flowering Stage[J].Soybean Science,2020,39(02):252-259.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2020.02.0252]
低温胁迫对大豆花期不同冠层叶片生理活性及产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Low Temperature Stress on Physiological Activity and Yield of Different Soybean Canopy Leaves of Flowering Stage
- Keywords:
- Soybean; Low temperature stress; Flowering stage; Different canopy; Leaf; Physiological metabolism; Yield
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为研究花期低温胁迫对不同品种大豆不同冠层叶片生理活性和产量的影响，以垦丰16和合丰50为试验材料，于大豆开花期进行低温及恢复处理，采用人工模拟自然环境低温的方式，研究低温对大豆花期不同冠层叶片叶绿素、蔗糖、淀粉、淀粉酶及产量的影响。结果表明：大豆花期遭遇低温胁迫显著降低了单株粒重，随低温胁迫时间的延长，其下降幅度逐渐增加，2年内合丰50各处理从上到下各冠层粒重减少幅度依次为17.96%~32.89%、3.46%~10.79%和23.24%~45.35%，垦丰16各处理从上到下各冠层粒重减少幅度依次为1.63%~38.83%、7.67%~30.45%和2.91%~21.22%。两品种的单株荚数和单株粒数也有不同程度的减少。随低温处理时间的延长，不同冠层叶片叶绿素、淀粉和蔗糖含量逐渐降低，叶片淀粉酶活性逐渐增加，自然环境下恢复过程中上述指标呈相反的变化趋势。大豆花期遭遇低温胁迫致使叶片叶绿素含量降低，不利于叶片进行光合作用，叶片内淀粉和蔗糖含量急剧减少且不能在4 d内恢复，不利于大豆产量的形成，推断这是低温胁迫造成大豆减产的重要原因。
- Abstract:
- In order to study the effects of low temperature stress on physiological activity and yield of different soybean canopy leaves at flowering stage, Kenfeng 16 and Hefeng 50 were used as materials to study the effects of low temperature on chlorophyll content, sucrose, starch, amylase and yield of soybean canopy leaves at flowering stage by artificial simulation of low temperature in natural environment. The results showed that the seed weight per plant decreased significantly under low temperature stress at flowering stage. With the prolongation of low temperature stress time, the decreasing extent of seed weight per plant increased gradually. In two years, the seed weight of each canopy of Hefeng 50 treatment decreased by 17.96%-32.89%, 3.46%-10.79% and 23.24%-45.35% respectively from top to bottom. Kenfeng 16 treatment decreased by 1.63%-38.83%, 7.67%-30.45% and 2.91%-21.22% respectively. In addition, the pod number and seed number per plant of the two varieties also decreased in varying degrees. With the prolongation of low temperature treatment time, chlorophyll, starch and sucrose contents in leaves of different canopy layers decreased gradually, and amylase activity in leaves gradually increased. The above indexes showed the opposite trend during the recovery process under natural environment. The chlorophyll content of soybean leaves decreased due to low temperature stress at flowering stage, which was not conducive to photosynthesis of soybean leaves. The starch and sucrose content in soybean leaves decreased sharply and could not be restored within 4 d, which was not conducive to the formation of soybean yield, and it is inferred to be is an important reason for soybean yield reduction under low temperature stress.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2019-03-28