DU Qian,CHU Jia-rui,GUO Yong-xia,et al.Changes of Soybean Disease Resistance and the Rhizosphere Micro-environment Induced by Streptomyces gongzhulingensis n.var[J].Soybean Science,2020,39(01):97-107.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2020.01.0097]
不吸水链霉菌公主岭变种诱导大豆抗病性与根际土壤微环境的变化
- Title:
- Changes of Soybean Disease Resistance and the Rhizosphere Micro-environment Induced by Streptomyces gongzhulingensis n.var
- Keywords:
- S.gongzhulingensis n.var; Soybean(Glycine max); Phytophthora root and stem rot(PRR); Induced resistance; Microbial communities; Soil enzyme activity
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 不吸水链霉菌公主岭变种（农抗“769”）是一株来源于土壤中对多种植物病原真菌具有较强拮抗作用的农用链霉菌，为明确农抗“769”对大豆抗疫霉根腐病的免疫诱抗作用及对大豆生长土壤微环境的影响，对盆栽种植不同大豆品种植株进行下胚轴创伤接种，鉴定大豆幼苗对疫霉根腐病的抗性，接种7 d后测定幼苗叶片PAL、PPO、MDA、SOD、CAT、POD、GLU的活性及Chl的含量。小区试验采取随机区组设计，在大豆播种后以农抗“769”菌液浇灌，采用稀释平板法测定不同生育期土壤中可培养细菌、真菌、放线菌菌群数量，并测定土壤中过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶和蔗糖酶等生物酶的活性。试验结果表明：农抗“769”菌液浇灌后不同品种的大豆幼苗在抵御疫霉根腐病侵染时发病率均有不同程度的降低。4个品种在农抗“769”诱导下抗性顺序为：Williams 82 > 沈农9号 > 九农21 > Jack，分别比对照提高74.74%、68.82%、14.32%和8.30%。农抗“769”诱导可增强大豆幼苗的诱导抗性，且在病原菌侵入时具有更强的系统抗性。在病原菌与农抗“769”的双重诱导下，PAL、PPO、SOD、CAT、GLU表达量分别比对照提高95.22%、34.55%、9.46%，73.01%和10.71%，Chl的含量比对照高18.19%；MDA比对照降低了33.47%，POD活性比对照降低0.69%，差异不显著。农抗“769”菌液浇灌对根际土壤微生物群落结构优化及土壤酶活性升高具有促进作用。农抗“769”菌液浇灌后大豆植株根际土壤中可培养细菌、放线菌菌群数量增加，真菌菌群数量降低，根际土壤中蔗糖酶、脲酶和磷酸酶活性与对照相比最高分别提高342.59%、73.98%和150.27%，过氧化氢酶活性变化不显著。农抗“769”诱导可提升大豆对疫霉根腐病的抗性，并对其生长的土壤微环境的改良具有积极的作用。
- Abstract:
- Streptomyces gongzhulingensis n.var strain 769 is a soil bacterium which had strong anti-bacterial activity against many important plant pathogenic fungi. This experiment aimed to explore the resistance against Phytophthora root and stem rot (PRR) and the effects of soil micro-environment during soybean planting induced by S. gongzhulingensis n.var. The soybean seeds were watered with S. gongzhulingensis n.var solutions and the seedings were evaluated by the hypocotyl inoculation method with minor modifications in the pot trials. We identificated the resistance of soybean seedlings to PRR and investigated the change of physiological characteristics such as PAL, PPO, MDA, SOD, CAT, POD, GLU and Chl in leaves 7 d after inoculation. And we studied the effects of S.gongzhulingensis n.var solutions on microbial biomass such as bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and activities of soil enzymes such as urease, sucrase, phosphatase, catalase in rhizosphere of soybean through planting in the field. The results showed that the mortality rate of infected soybean seedlings of different cultivars was decreased with watered by S.gongzhulingensis n.var solutions in greenhouse situations. Compared to CK, the cultivars of Williams 82, Shennong 9, Jiunong 21 and Jack were increased by 74.74%, 68.82%, 14.32%, 8.30%, respectively. S.gongzhulingensis n.var can increased the induced resistance of soybean seedings against PRR. And the induced resistance turned stronger when the seedings infected by Phytophthora sojae. Compared to the CK,under S. gongzhulingensis n.var solutions and the pathogen provoked together, the activities and contents of PAL, PPO, SOD, CAT, GLU, Chl were increased by 74.74%, 68.82%, 14.32%, 8.30%, respectively. The MDA content decreased 33.47%. PAL, POD activities decreased by 0.69%, the difference between provoked and CK was non-significant. Watering with S.gongzhulingensis n.var could improve the soil microbe community structures. The quantities of bacteria and actinomycetes were increased and fungi number in rhizosphere soil decreased. Watering with S.gongzhulingensis n.var could significantly increase the activities of sucrase, urease and phosphatase in rhizosphere soil by 342.59%, 73.98% and 150.27%, respectively. And the activities of catalase had no significant difference among the treatments in this study. Application of S.gongzhulingensis n.var to soybean has significant potential for improvement of soybean resistance to P. soja and soil micro-ecological environment.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2019-06-21