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[1]郑伟,谢甫绨,郭泰,等.种植密度对不同耐密性大豆品种特性的影响[J].大豆科学,2015,34(02):255-259.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.02.0255]
　ZHENG Wei,XIE Fu-ti,GUO Tai,et al.Effect of Planting Density on Characteristics of Soybean Cultivars with Different Density Tolerance[J].Soybean Science,2015,34(02):255-259.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.02.0255]

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种植密度对不同耐密性大豆品种特性的影响

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第34卷期数: 2015年02期页码: 255-259 栏目: 出版日期: 2015-04-25

Title:: Effect of Planting Density on Characteristics of Soybean Cultivars with Different Density Tolerance

作者:: 郑伟¹; 谢甫绨²; 郭泰¹; 王志新¹; 李灿东¹; 张振宇¹; 张茂明¹; 刘忠堂¹; 1.黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院，黑龙江佳木斯 157007；
?2. 沈阳农业大学农学院，辽宁沈阳 110866

Author(s):: ZHENG Wei¹; XIE Fu-ti²; GUO Tai¹; WANG Zhi-xin¹; LI Can-dong¹; ZHANG Zhen-yu¹; ZHANG Mao-ming¹; LIU Zhong-tang¹; 1.Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi 157007, China；?
2.Agronomy College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China

关键词:: 大豆; 栽培密度; 光合特性; 水分利用率; 产量

Keywords:: Soybean; Planting density; Photosynthetic characteristics; Water use efficiency; Yield

分类号:: S565.1

DOI:: 10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.02.0255

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 选用耐密性不同的两个大豆品种垦丰16和合丰25为试材，研究了22.5万，30.0万和37.5万株?hm²三个种植密度对不同耐密性大豆品种特性的影响。结果表明：随着密度增加，耐密植品种垦丰16冠层上部叶柄长度显著低于普通品种，在高密度条件下，从第9节开始叶柄长度短于合丰25；叶形指数高于普通品种，尤其是高密度条件下从第12节位开始垦丰16的叶形指数显著或极显著高于普通品种合丰25，有利于通风透光。耐密植品种垦丰16的叶色值高于普通品种，随着密度增加叶色值峰值出现时间没有明显变化，密植条件下生育后期叶片持绿性更强。随着密度增加，耐密植品种垦丰16净光合速率和水分利用率下降速度慢，当密度为30.0万株?hm²时垦丰16与合丰25的净光合速率和水分利用率差异达到显著水平（分别为P=0.033 3，P=0.023 5），密度为37.5万株?hm2时差异达到极显著水平（分别为P=0.001 8 ，P=0.004 7）；随着密度增加，耐密品种垦丰16产量逐渐增加，不耐密品种合丰25产量呈现先上升后降低的趋势，密度为37.5万株?hm2时，两个品种间差异达到极显著水平（P=0.001 9）。3种种植密度条件下植株形态和光合生理指标的变化表明，耐密大豆品种垦丰16冠层结构更有利于在高密度条件下通风透光，密植条件下后期持绿性强，光合速率和水分利用率受密度影响小，因此在高密度条件下能够获得较高的产量。

Abstract:: Two different planting density tolerance soybean varieties and three densities of 225 000, 300 000 and 375 000 plants?ha^-1?were set to study the effect of planting density on soybean characteristics.Results showed that as the density increased, the upside canopy petiole length of close planting resistant variety Kenfeng 16 was significantly lower than the common variety Hefeng 25. In the high density condition, petiole length of Kenfeng 16 was shorter than Hefeng 25 from the 9^th?node.The leaf shape index of Kenfeng 16 was higher than the common variety, especially under the high density from the 12^th?node, which was significant or very significant higher than the common variety Hefeng 25 and advantageous to get air and light. The SPAD readings of close planting resistant variety of Kenfeng 16 were higher than the common variety.As the density increased, the SPAD readings peak times of Kenfeng 16 did not change significantly. In the late growth stage and high density, Kenfeng 16 could stay green stronger. As the density increased, the net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency reduced slowly in the close planting resistant variety Kenfeng 16.The net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency difference between Kenfeng 16 and Hefeng 25 reached significant level in 300 000 plants?ha^-1?(P=0.033 3, P=0.023 5, respectively), and reached very significant level in 375 000 plants?ha^-1?(P=0.001 8, P=0.004 7, respectively) As the density increased, the yield of close planting resistant variety Kenfeng 16 increased gradually, but the yield of close planting non-resistant variety Hefeng 25 increased first and then decreased.The yield difference between Kenfeng 16 and Hefeng 25 reached very significant level (P=0.001 9) in the density 375 000 plants?hm^2.?From the changes of plant morphological and photosynthetic physiological indexes between Kenfeng 16 and Hefeng 25 under different density conditions can be seen that the canopy structure of close planting resistant varieties Kenfeng 16 was more conducive to get air and light in high density conditions, could stay green stronger in the late stage of close planting, little effects of density on the photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency.So Kenfeng 16 can obtain higher yield in higher density condition.

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备注/Memo

基金项目：国家“十二五”科技支撑项目（2011BAD35B06-1-5）；国家现代大豆产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-04-CES05）。

第一作者简介：郑伟（1976-），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事大豆育种与栽培研究。E-mail:zhw105122@126.com。

通讯作者：谢甫绨（1966-），男，教授，博导，主要从事大豆育种与栽培研究。E-mail:snsoybean@souhu.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2015-06-07