LI Yong-gang,CHEN Li-na.Preliminary Exploration for Growth Characteristics and Fungicide Resistance of Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum in Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2011,30(02):281-284.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2011.02.0281]
大豆菌核病菌生长特性及抗药性初步测定
- Title:
- Preliminary Exploration for Growth Characteristics and Fungicide Resistance of Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum in Soybean
- 文章编号:
- 1000-9841（2011）02-0281-04
- 分类号:
- S565.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 采用单菌核分离法得到大豆菌核病菌，利用菌丝生长速率法测定了7株大豆菌核病菌的生物学特性及对多菌灵和腐霉利的抗药性。结果表明：供试菌株菌丝生长的最适温度是15~20℃，而菌核的产生则在15℃左右最多；大豆菌核病菌丝生长最适的环境为中性和偏酸性；不同菌核及病残体埋入土壤不同深度后越冬处理，病残体上菌丝不能越冬，而菌核能够越冬，且埋入土层越深菌丝生长速度越慢，产生菌核的重量也降低；大豆菌核病菌对茄子、向日葵、油菜、大豆的致病力存在差异，H6菌株致病力最强；多菌灵对不同地理区域的菌株的EC50为0.5022~0.3525 μg·mL-1，但均小于1 μg·mL-1，其中最不敏感菌株EC50为最敏感菌株EC50的1.42倍，均为敏感菌株；腐霉利对不同地理区域的菌株的EC50为1.0230~0.4388 μg·mL-1，但均小于10 μg·mL-1，其中最不敏感菌株EC50为最敏感菌株EC50的2.33倍，均为敏感类型。尚未发现对多菌灵和腐霉利具有抗药性的菌株。
- Abstract:
- Sclerotinia stem rot of soybean caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was a world wide disease of soybeans in the soybean growing regions. Pure culture isolations of S. sclerotiorum were obtained by single sclerotium. Growth characteristics and fungicide resistance of S.sclerotiorum were determined by using mycelium growth rate method. The seven S. sclerotiorum collected from various locations of Heilongjiang province were used to determine growth characteristic and resistant to carbendazim and procymidone. The results indicated that optimal temperature of mycelium growth and sclerotia production was 15-20℃ and 15℃, respectively. The optimal environment of mycelium growth was neutral and acidic. The result indicated that S. sclerotiorum on plant residues couldn’t overwinter, but Sclerotia could overwinter. S. sclerotiorum isolates were differed pathogenicity to eggplant, sunflower, rape and soybean. H6 isolate was more virulent than the others. The results of sensitivity to carbendazim indicated that the EC50 values of S.sclerotiorum strains ranged from 0.5022 to 0.3525 μg·mL-1 and the EC50 of most insensitive fungus was 1.42 folds than the EC50 of most sensitivity. The results of sensitivity to procymidone indicated that the EC50 values of S.sclerotiorum strains ranged from 1.0 230 to 0.4 388 μg·mL-1. The EC50 of most insensitive was 2.33 folds than the EC50 of most sensitivity. The above results suggested that resent S.sclerotiorum isolates collected from various locations of Heilongjiang province didn’t produce resistance to two fungicides. The experiments has laid solid theoretical foundation for further research work of biological characteristics and scientific prevention and control of S. sclerotiorum.
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备注/Memo
基金项目：东北农业大学博士启动基金（2009RC48）；黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究资助项目（11551049）。