[1]乔云发,韩晓增.长期定量施肥对大豆根系形态和根瘤性状的影响[J].大豆科学,2011,30(01):119-122.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2011.01.0119]
　QIAO Yun-fa,HAN Xiao-zeng.Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Root Phenotype and Nodulation of Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2011,30(01):119-122.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2011.01.0119]
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长期定量施肥对大豆根系形态和根瘤性状的影响

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第30卷 期数: 2011年01期 页码: 119-122 栏目: 出版日期: 2011-02-25
Title:
Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Root Phenotype and Nodulation of Soybean
文章编号:
1000-9841（2011）01-0119-04
作者:
乔云发; 韩晓增
中国科学院 东北地理与农业生态研究所，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150081
Author(s):
QIAO Yun-fa;  HAN Xiao-zeng
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, China
关键词:
长期施肥; 大豆; 根系形态; 根瘤
Keywords:
Long-term fertilization;  Soybean;  Root phenotype;  Nodule
分类号:
S565.1
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2011.01.0119
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为阐明施肥对大豆根系生长和结瘤性状的影响，以中国科学院海伦农业生态实验站长期定位施肥试验为平台，研究了施用不同种类肥料（NPK、NPKM、NK、NP和PK）对大豆根系特征和根瘤性状的影响。结果表明：各施肥处理大豆根长、根表面积和根体积变化趋势相似，均在结荚期出现峰值。NPK和NP处理的根长和根表面积比其它施肥处理大，而平均根直径仅小于NPKM处理，与其它处理间差异不显著。大豆根干重呈单峰曲线变化，各施肥处理间差异不大。根冠比在五叶期最大，各施肥处理间根冠比的差异主要在鼓粒期之前表现出来，从鼓粒期开始，处理间没有显著差异，从五叶期到鼓粒期，CK和PK处理根冠比较NPK处理低。供给充足氮的NK处理，根瘤数最少，根瘤干重增长速率最慢，PK处理根瘤数和根瘤干重最大。由此推断，氮肥能促进大豆地下部生长，充足的氮素抑制根瘤原基发育成根瘤，进一步抑制根瘤的生长。
Abstract:
To study the effect of fertilization on growth and nodulation of soybean, the experiment analyzed the root phenotype and nodulation of soybean, grown in long-term fertilization trail of Hailun station, CAS. We selected five fertilizers, including NPK, NPKM, NK, NP and PK to research their function on soybean root growth and nodulation. Results indicated that root length, surface and volume showed similar changing trend among different fertilization treatments, and reached peak at podding stage. There were larger root length and root surface in NPK and NP than other treatments. However, average root diameter was the largest in NPKM. Root dry biomass changed as a single peak trend, and there was no significant difference among fertilization treatments. From 5th leaf stage to filling stage, the ratio of root to shoot in CK and PK were lower than NPK, the ratio up to largest value, which was different among treatments before filling period. All these suggested that nitrogen promoted soybean root growth. Otherwise, the nodule number and weight were lower in NK, and higher in PK than other treatments. Those recults indicated that sufficient nitrogen application such as NK, inhibited nodule primordium developed to nodule and nodule growth.

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备注/Memo

基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（41001138）；国家科技支撑计划资助项目（2009BADB3B04）。

第一作者：乔云发（1976-），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事黑土碳、氮循环方面研究。E-mail: qiaoyunfa@163.com。
通讯作者：韩晓增（1957-），男，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事土壤与植物营养、施肥和农业生态方面研究。E-mail: hanxz@sina.ac.cn。

更新日期/Last Update: 2014-09-11