[1]孙冬梅,文安宇,李响,等.混菌发酵对产纤维素酶的影响及菌剂在大豆秸秆降解中的应用[J].大豆科学,2019,38(01):49-55.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.01.0049]
　SUN Dong-mei,WEN An-yu,LI Xiang,et al.Cellulase Production by Mixed Fungi Solid Fermentation and the Application in Soybean Straw Degradation[J].Soybean Science,2019,38(01):49-55.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.01.0049]
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混菌发酵对产纤维素酶的影响及菌剂在大豆秸秆降解中的应用

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第38卷 期数: 2019年01期 页码: 49-55 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-01-20
Title:
Cellulase Production by Mixed Fungi Solid Fermentation and the Application in Soybean Straw Degradation
作者:
孙冬梅;  文安宇; 李响; 林志伟; 肖翠红; 朱栗伟
（黑龙江八一农垦大学 寒区环境微生物与农业废弃物资源化利用重点实验室，黑龙江 大庆 163319）
Author(s):
SUN Dong-mei;  WEN An-yu;  LI Xiang;  LIN Zhi-wei;  XIAO Cui-hong;  ZHU Li-wei
（Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Recycling of Argo-Waste in Cold Region, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China）
关键词:
黄绿木霉菌; 角毛壳菌; 绿色木霉菌; 产纤维素酶; 混合发酵液; 大豆秸秆; 降解
Keywords:
Trichoderma aureoviride; Chaetomium cupreum; Trichoderma viride; Cellulase; Mixed fungi;  Soybean Straw; Degradation
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.01.0049
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为提高秸秆还田过程中的腐解效率，减轻还田产生的病害加重现象，以稻草、麸皮为基本培养基，以黄绿木霉菌（拮抗真菌）、角毛壳菌及绿色木霉菌（纤维素高效降解微生物）为研究材料，测定3种不同菌种及混合菌发酵液处理下滤纸酶、棉花酶与羧甲基纤维素酶的活性变化。通过秸秆翻埋试验测定混菌发酵液和商业菌剂处理大豆秸秆发酵前后纤维素、半纤维素含量变化并探讨最适秸秆翻埋长度和深度。探讨混菌培养对纤维素酶产生能力及对大豆秸秆纤维素与半纤维素降解速率的影响。结果表明：滤纸酶活性、棉花酶活性与羧甲基纤维素酶活性均为黄绿木霉菌、角毛壳菌和绿色木霉菌3株菌混菌发酵的产酶能力最强，混合菌发酵的3种纤维素酶活性分别为385.12，454.30和495.12 U。混菌发酵液处理与商业菌剂处理的大豆秸秆粉纤维素与半纤维素含量与空白对照差异显著，混菌发酵液处理的纤维素与半纤维素降解率分别可达66%和76%。大豆秸秆降解率与秸秆强度的变化说明：在大豆秸秆长度为3 cm，翻埋深度为10 cm时，秸秆降解率最高。添加混合菌剂的处理的秸秆降解率较对照提高50%以上，同时秸秆的强度降低约5倍，穿刺力降低。结果证实了3株不同真菌在秸秆降解中复合应用的可行性，可作为大豆秸秆还田中有效的腐解微生物资源。
Abstract:
In order to improve the decomposition efficiency of straw returning to field and reduce the diseases aggravation, antagonistic fungi Trichoderma aureoviride, Chaetomium cupreum and cellulose-decomposing fungus T. viride were used to study the cellulase production ability of different strains in mixed culture and its effect on the degradation rate of cellulose and hemicellulose from soybean straw. The results showed that the cellulase activity, cotton enzyme activity and carboxymethyl cellulase activity of three different strains and mixed fermentation at different fermentation time were measured on rice straw and bran as basic medium. The cellulase activity of these three strains mixed fermentaton was the strongest. The cellulase activity was 385.12, 454.30 and 495.12 U, respectively. The changes of cellulose and hemicellulose contents before and after fermentation showed that there were significant differences between the two treatments, and the degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose were 66% and 76% respectively. We also found that the degradation rate of soybean straw was the highest when the length of soybean straw was 3 cm and the buried depth was 10 cm by the burying experiment. The degradation rate of soybean straw was increased by more than 50%, the strength of soybean straw was reduced by about 5 times and the puncture force was decreased by adding mixed microbial agent. The results showed that the three strains mixed could be used in the degradation of soybean straw, which could provide effective microbial resources for decomposition of soybean straw.

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　SUN Dong-mei,LIN Zhi-wei,CHI Li,et al.Preliminary Study on Induced Resistance by Trichoderma Aureoviride and Its Multiple Microbe on Soybean Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum[J].Soybean Science,2010,29(01):88.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2010.01.0088]
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备注/Memo

收稿日期：2018-08-29

基金项目：寒区环境微生物与农业废弃物资源化利用重点实验室项目（201707）；黑龙江农垦总局项目（HNK135-02-06-04）；大庆市指导项目（zd-2017-63）；黑龙江省大学生创新项目（201710223040）；黑龙江八一农垦大学创新项目（xc2017033）。
第一作者简介：孙冬梅（1970-），女，博士，教授，主要从事微生物资源与开发研究。E-mail: 7981004@qq.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2019-01-22