[1]吕彬,杨悦乾,刘宏俊,等.大豆双行侧深施肥免耕播种机关键部件设计与试验[J].大豆科学,2015,34(06):1047-1052.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.06.1047]
　LYU Bin,YANG Yue-qian,LIU Hong-jun,et al.Design and Experiment on Twin-row Soybean No-till Planter[J].Soybean Science,2015,34(06):1047-1052.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.06.1047]
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大豆双行侧深施肥免耕播种机关键部件设计与试验

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第34卷 期数: 2015年06期 页码: 1047-1052 栏目: 出版日期: 2015-12-25
Title:
Design and Experiment on Twin-row Soybean No-till Planter
作者:
吕彬; 杨悦乾; 刘宏俊; 曹秀振; 周勇; 赵淑红
东北农业大学 工程学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030
Author(s):
LYU Bin;  YANG Yue-qian;  LIU Hong-jun;  CAO Xiu-zhen;  ZHOU Yong; ZHAO Shu-hong
College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
关键词:
农业机械; 播种机; 双圆盘开沟器; 侧深施肥; 双行
Keywords:
Agricultural machinery;  Planter;  Two-disc opener;  Deep side fertilizing;  Twin-row
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.06.1047
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
针对免耕播种条件下，播种机易于拖堆、堵塞，难以实现深施肥，设计了大豆双行免耕播种机。该机采用限深轮限深、锐角入土施肥铲开沟施肥，然后双圆盘开沟器在肥沟两侧开出种沟，实现垄上双行播种侧深施肥。平板限深轮的直径为300 mm、宽度为200 mm；施肥铲的入土角为40°、入土隙角为10°、圆弧曲率半径为310 mm；双圆盘开沟器两圆盘直径分别为320 mm、间距为130 mm、工作偏角为7°。通过田间试验，结果表明：在播种过程中无堵塞，通过性好；播种深度合格率达90%以上，变异系数小于27.9%；种肥垂直距离合格率90%以上，变异系数小于13.6%，种肥水平距离合格率大于85%，变异系数小于23.8%，能够保证大豆播种的种肥距离要求；晾种情况为0.1粒?m-1，左右行平均出苗数为1.02株?d-1?m-1。该机可满足黑龙江地区大豆免耕播种的农艺要求。
Abstract:
Abstract: In no-till planting conditions, planter is difficult to solve the matter of deep fertilization，easy to drag and heap， as well as plug.The twin-row soybean no-till planter is designed to solve these problems. This planter included main parts of frame, profiling mechanism, fertilizer box, seed box, depth wheel, fertilization shovel, disk opener, covering disc and press wheel. Two drive wheels were symmetrically installed on both sides of the main beam. Each row of the drive wheel drove its fertilizer feeder and seed metering device.Depth wheel, acute angle fertilization shovel and double disc opener were installed in monomer beam. And depth wheel, acute angle fertilization shovel were kept in a straight line, double disc opener symmetric were installed on both sides.In seeding operation, after depth wheel flatten ridge and limit the fertilizing and seeding depth， fertilization shovel ditched furrow fertilization. After soil dropped in the furrow, the double disc opener furrowed seeding again so as to realize twin-row and deep side fertilizing. Finally covering disc and press wheel made the soil repression.Depth wheel was made by tablet depth wheel which had the better performance in limiting depth and flatting ridge, and its diameter was 300 mm,its width was 200 mm.The part of the fertilization shovel buried soil was designed to be acute angle circular arc type: the penetration angle was 40°, the clearance angle of penetration was 10° and the radius of curvature was 310 mm. Double disc opener was made up of disc opener and fixed mount, besides, each disc had an angle with the advancing direction. As the machine forwards one side of the disc pushed soil. The disc rotated with the power of the soil resistance which made the soil out of the original position, thus a furrow formed.Seeding pipe was installed inside each flat disc so as to realize double row planting with a 130 mm distance between the rows. Its cutting edge angle was 7°, cutting edge inclination was 0° and diameter was 320 mm.The results of the filed tests showed that there was no blockage in the seeding process.It was strong in ditching buried performance and the amount back to soil was good.The qualification rate of sowing depth was more than 90% with the coefficient of variation was less than 27.9%. Seed fertilizer vertical distance qualification rate was more than 90% with the coefficient of variation was less than 13.6%. Seed fertilizer horizontal distance qualification rate was greater than 85%, the coefficient of variation was less than 23.8%. The sunning seed count was 0.1 grain.m-1，average speed of crop emergence was 1.02 plants m-1.d-1and the passing efficiency was 100%. This machine meets agricultural requirements of soybean no-till planting in Heilongjiang region.

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备注/Memo

基金项目：国家“十二五”农村领域国家科技计划（2012BAD14B06）。

第一作者简介：吕彬(1985-)，女，硕士，主要从事田间农业机械的研究。E-mail：wenxiqi@126.com。
通讯作者：赵淑红（1969-），女，教授，博导，主要从事田间农业机械及力学特性的研究。E-mail：shhzh091@sina.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2016-01-07