CHEN Xue-wen,ZHANG Xiao-ping,LIANG Ai-zhen,et al.Impact of Different Tillage Methods on Black Soil Temperature and Humidity in Northeast China[J].Soybean Science,2011,30(05):764-768.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2011.05.0764]
不同耕作方式对黑土农田土壤温湿效应的影响
- Title:
- Impact of Different Tillage Methods on Black Soil Temperature and Humidity in Northeast China
- 文章编号:
- 1000-9841(2011)05-0764-05
- Keywords:
- No tillage; Mouldboard plow; Black farmland; Soil temperature and humidity effect; Corn; Soybean
- 分类号:
- S152.7
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 2005~2007年以中层黑土土壤为研究对象,研究免耕和秋翻处理对黑土农田土壤温湿效应的影响。结果表明:不同耕作处理对春季播种期土壤含水量影响较大,玉米田和大豆田免耕处理分别显著高于秋翻6.2%和6.6%。在玉米抽雄期,玉米田和大豆田2种耕作处理条件下土壤含水量均没有显著差异,但与秋翻相比,免耕保持了较好的耕层土壤水分。春季播种期耕层免耕处理的土壤温度明显低于秋翻。对玉米出苗期到抽雄期玉米田和大豆田土壤温度动态监测表明:5、10和15 cm免耕处理土壤温度均小于秋翻,并且在5和15 cm处达到差异显著性水平(P<0.05)。免耕由于秸秆覆盖抑制水分蒸发,对保持土壤墒情具有重要作用,秸秆腐烂后能增加土壤有机质含量,有利于提高土壤的持续生产能力。
- Abstract:
- The impact of no tillage(NT)and mouldboard plow(MP)on black soil temperature and humidity in northeast China were studied from 2005 to 2007.The result showed that tillage methods greatly affected soil moisture content in spring sowing stage.In the corn and soybean farmland,the soil moisture of NT was significantly higher than MP for 6.2% and 6.6%,respectively.In corn tasseling stage,there was no significant difference between two tillage methods in different crop farmland.Compared with MP,NT maintained a better soil moisture content level.Soil temperature under NT was significantly lower than MP in spring sowing stage.Effects of different tillage treatments on soil temperature from corn seedling to tasseling stage reflected that soil temperature under NT was less than MP in 5,10 and 15 cm soil horizons,and the difference reached the significant level in 5 cm and 15 cm(P<0.05).Crop residue played an important role in keeping soil moisture due to inhibition of water evaporation and decayed crop residue could increase soil organic matter content.NT treatment was beneficial in improving the sustainable production capacity of soil.
参考文献/References:
[1]杨晓娟,李春俭.机械压实对土壤质量、作物生长、土壤生物及环境的影响[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(7):2008-2015.(Yang X J,Li C J.Impacts of mechanical compaction on soil properties,growth of crops,soil-borne organisms and environment[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2008,41(7):2008-2015.) [2]邹文秀,韩晓增,王守宇,等.长期施肥对大豆地土壤蒸发和水分利用效率的影响[J].大豆科学,2009,28(3):487-490,494.(Zou W X,Han X Z,Wang S Y,et al.Effect of long-term fertilization on soil evaporation and water use efficiency in soybean field[J].Soybean Science,2009,28(3):487-490,494.) [3]黄昌勇.土壤学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:127-128.(Huang C Y.Soil science[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2000:127-128.) [4]张少良,张兴义,于同艳,等.黑土区耕作措施对春季耕层温度的影响[J].农业现代化研究,2009,30(1):113-117.(Zhang S L,Zhang X Y,Yu T Y,et al.Effects of tillage on soil temperature of plough layer in spring of black soil regions of China[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2009,30(1):113-117.) [5]常旭虹,赵广才,孟祥云,等.农牧交错区保护性耕作对土壤含水量和温度的影响[J].土壤,2006,38(3):328-332.(Chang X H,Zhao G C,Meng X Y,et al.Effect of conservation tillage on soil moisture and temperature in the farming-pasture zone[J].Soils,2006,38(3):328-332.) [6]Fabrizzi K P,García F O,Costa J L,et al.Soil water dynamics,physical properties and corn and wheat responses to minimum and no-tillage systems in the southern Pampas of Argentina[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2005,81(1):57-69. [7]Elder J W,Lal R.Tillage effects on gaseous emissions from an intensively farmed organic soil in north central Ohio[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2008,98(1):45-55. [8]Gouranga K,Ashwani K.Evaluation of post-rainy season crops with residual soil moisture and different tillage methods in rice fallow of eastern India[J].Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(6):931-938. [9]郑华斌,唐启源,陈立军,等.耕作方式与覆盖物对稻田玉米产量和土壤温度的影响[J].农业现代化研究,2010,31(3):338-342.(Zheng H B,Tang Q Y,Chen L J,et al.Effect of tillage and mulch on maize yield and soil temperature in paddy field[J].Research of Agricultural Modernization,2010,31(3):338-342.) [10]周凌云,周刘宗.麦田秸秆覆盖节水效应研究[J].生态农业研究,1996,4(3):49-52.(Zhou L Y,Zhou L Z.The water-saving effects of straw mulch in field[J].Eco-Agriculture Research,1996,4(3):49-52.) [11]朱文珊,曹明奎.秸秆覆盖免耕法的节水培肥增产效益及应用前景[J].干旱地区农业研究,1988(4):1-2.(Zhu W S,Cao M K.Effects of saving water and bettering land fertility by the stubble mulching no-till and its future utilization[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,1988(4):1-2.) [12]许迪,Schmi R.耕作方式对土壤水动态变化及夏玉米产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,1999,15(3):101-106.(Xu D,Schmi R.Effects of tillage practices on the variation of soil moisture and the yield of summer maize[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,1999,15(3):101-106.) [13]李玲玲,黄高宝,张仁陟,等.不同保护性耕作措施对旱作农田土壤水分的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(9):2326-2332.(Li L L,Huang G B,Zhang R S,et al.Effects of conservation tillage on soil water regimes in rainfed areas[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2005,25(9):2326-2332.) [14]李玲玲,黄高宝,张仁陟,等.秸秆覆盖对旱作农田土壤水分的影响[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(5):94-96,116.(Li L L,Huang G B,Zhang R S,et al.Effects of no-till with stubble retention on soil water regimes in rainfed areas[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,19(5):94-96,116.) [15]何艳芬,张柏,李方,等.东北黑土区农业生态环境问题与对策[J].干旱地区农业研究,2004,22(1):191-194.(He Y F,Zhang B,Li F,et al.The problems of agro-ecological environment and the countermeasures in black soil zone in northeast China[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2004,22(1):191-194.) [16]Zhao D S,Zheng D,Wu S H,et al.Climate changes in northeastern China during last four decades[J].Chinese Geographical Science,2007,17(4):317-324. [17]Duan X W,Xie Y,Liu G,et al.Field capacity in black soil region,northeast China[J].Chinese Geographical Science,2010,20(5):406-413. [18]王兆伟,郝卫平,龚道枝,等.秸秆覆盖量对农田土壤水分和温度动态的影响[J].中国农业气象,2010,31(2):244-250.(Wang Z W,Hao W P,Gong D Z,et al.Effect of straw mulch amount on dynamic changes of soil moisture and temperature in farmland[J].Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology,2010,31(2):244-250.) [19]Sarkar S,Singh S R.Interactive effect of tillage depth and mulch on soil temperature,productivity and water use pattern of rainfed barley (Hordium vulgare L.)[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2007,92:79-86. [20]孙东宝,孙高东,王庆锁.晋北半干旱区免耕对玉米光合和蒸腾特性的影响[J].中国农业气象,2010,31(2):235-239.(Sun D B,Sun G D,Wang Q S.Effects of no-tillage on the photosynthesis and transpiration of maize in the semi-arid area of northern Shanxi province[J].Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology,2010,31(2):235-239.) [21]Gouranga K,Ashwani K.Evaluation of post-rainy season crops with residual soil moisture and different tillage methods in rice fallow of eastern India[J].Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(6):931-938. [22]刘定辉,陈尚洪,舒丽,等.四川盆地丘陵区秸秆还田少免耕对土壤水分特征的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2009,27(6):119-122,128.(Liu D H,Chen S H,Shu L,et al.Impact of straw mulching and no-tillage on soil water characteristics of paddy field in hilly area of Sichuan basin[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2009,27(6):119-122,128.) [23]Drury C F,Tan C S,Reynolds W D,et al.Impacts of zone tillage and red clover on corn performance and soil physical quality[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2003,67:867-877. [24]秦红灵,高旺盛,李春阳.北方农牧交错带免耕对农田耕层土壤温度的影响[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(1):40-47.(Qin H L,Gao W S,Li C Y.Impacts of no-tillage on soil temperature of field in ecotone of north China[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2007,23(1):40-47.) [25]张乃生,薛宗让,洛希图,等.旱地玉米免耕覆盖土壤温度效应[J].山西农业科学,1994,22(3):13-16.(Zhang N S,Xue Z R,Luo X T,et al.Study on soil temperature under no-tillage with stalks mulching in semi-arid areas[J].Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences,1994,22(3):13-16.) [26]于爱忠,黄高宝,冯福学.不同耕作措施对冬小麦农田土壤水分和温度的影响[J].干早地区农业研究,2009,27(1):84-88.(Yu A Z,Huang G B,Feng F X.The effect of different tillage on soil water and soil temperature of winter-wheat field[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2009,27(1):84-88.) [27]姜益娟,郑德明,吕双庆,等.不同耕作制度对荒漠绿洲土壤物理性质和温度的影响[J].塔里木大学学报,2006,18(1):1-5.(Jiang Y J,Zheng D M,Lv S Q,et al.Effect of different cultural system on soil physical property and temperature in desert oasis[J].Journal of Tarim University,2006,18(1):1-5.)
相似文献/References:
[1]刘爱群,刘伟婷,张敬涛,等.生物除草剂新发展及其在大豆田除草上的应用[J].大豆科学,2013,32(05):703.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.05.0703]
[2]江 恒,韩晓增,邹文秀,等.黑土区短期免耕对大豆田土壤水分物理性质的影响[J].大豆科学,2012,31(03):374.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2012.03.008]
JIANG Heng,HAN Xiao-zeng,ZOU Wen-xiu,et al.Effect of Short-term No-tillage on Soil Water Physical Property of Soybean Field in Black Soil Zone[J].Soybean Science,2012,31(05):374.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2012.03.008]
[3]林蔚刚,吴俊江,董德健,等.不同秸秆还田模式对大豆根系分布的影响[J].大豆科学,2012,31(04):584.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2012.04.014]
LIN Wei-gang,WU Jun-jiang,DONG De-jian,et al.Impact of Different Residue Retention System on Soybean Root Distribution in Soil Profile[J].Soybean Science,2012,31(05):584.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2012.04.014]
[4]赵俊卿,任建军,卢为国,等.免耕覆秸精量播种对大豆生长发育和产量构成因素的影响[J].大豆科学,2012,31(05):734.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2012.05.009]
ZHAO Jun-qing,REN Jian-jun,LU Wei-guo,et al.Effects of No-tillage and Straw Mulching Precise Sowing on Growth,Development and Yield Components of Post-wheat Summer-sowing Soybean in Huanghuaihai Region[J].Soybean Science,2012,31(05):734.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2012.05.009]
[5]吴广伟,陈海涛,纪文义,等.2BMFJ-3型茬地大豆免耕覆秸精量播种机功耗与油耗特性试验[J].大豆科学,2014,33(04):589.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2014.04.0589]
WU Guang-wei,CHEN Hai-tao,JI Wen-yi,et al.Power and Fuel Consumption of 2BMFJ-3 No-tillage Soybean Precision Seeder in Stubble Field[J].Soybean Science,2014,33(05):589.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2014.04.0589]
备注/Memo
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(40801071);“十一五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2009BADB3B01);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(KZCX2-EW-QN307)。