外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下大豆幼苗生长性能的缓解效应研究
- Title:
- Mitigating Influence of Exogenous Melatonin on Growth Performance of Soybean Seedlings under Drought Stress
- 摘要:
- 为明确叶面喷施褪黑素对干旱胁迫下大豆幼苗生长的调控效应，选用绥农26为供试品种，采用盆栽结合称重控水的方式模拟干旱胁迫，于两片复叶期（记为第0天）开始控水并喷施褪黑素，分别设置干旱胁迫处理（D，土壤含水量为田间持水量的45%~50%）和干旱胁迫下喷施褪黑素处理［D+M，土壤含水量为田间持水量的45%~50%，褪黑素喷施浓度为100 μmol·L-1，以正常供水并喷施等量蒸馏水为对照（CK，土壤含水量为田间持水量的75%~80%］，分析褪黑素喷施处理对大豆幼苗根系和地上部形态和生理指标的影响。结果表明：与CK相比，D处理显著抑制了大豆幼苗生长。与D处理相比，20 d时D+M处理大豆根长、根体积和根干重分别提高了18.79%、38.15%和39.45%；3，6和9 d根系活力、SOD（Superoxide Dismutase）、POD（Peroxidase）、CAT（Catalase）和APX（Ascorbate Peroxidase）活性，以及根系可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、果糖和蔗糖含量提高幅度分别为33.33%~133.33%、9.74%~8.44%、2.66%~5.73%、27.90%~31.55%、11.81%~16.29%、10.01%~14.07%、11.41%~13.03%、7.71%~11.99%和12.66%~21.24%；3，6和9 d光合作用关键生理指标包括叶绿素a、叶绿素、总叶绿素含量和类胡萝卜素含量，以及Pn、Tr、Gs和Ci提高幅度分别为16.1%~24.4%、4.2%~18.3%、14.9%~23.8%、5.1%~30.5%、22.1%~53.6%、38.7%~99.8%、9.9%~10.4%和5.5%~8.1%；同时，20 d时大豆幼苗地上部形态指标包括株高、茎粗、叶面积，以及叶、茎干物质积累和生长速率提高幅度分别22.8%、32.3%、4.3%、25.6%、52.3%和18.6%。Mantel检测结果显示，上述根系形态和生理指标（除蔗糖含量外）与地上部光合、干物质积累和形态特征呈显著正相关；随机森林分析进一步明确了根系活力、根长和根体积是影响干旱胁迫下大豆幼苗生长速率最关键的3个指标。由此可知，叶面喷施褪黑素改善了大豆幼苗根系和地上部关键形态和生理指标，并且根系形态和关键生理指标与地上部生长指标存在显著正相关关系。
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