江淮地区320份大豆种质资源蛋白、油脂含量的全基因组关联分析
- Title:
- Genome-wide Association Study of Protein and Oil Contents in 320 Soybean Germplasms from the Jianghuai Region
- 摘要:
- 为解析江淮地区大豆种质资源蛋白质与油脂含量的遗传基础，助力优质大豆分子育种，本研究以320份江淮大豆种质为材料，于2017—2021年不同月份开展随机区组试验，测定籽粒蛋白质含量、油脂含量表型数据，利用61 174个高质量SNP位点，通过CMLM模型进行全基因组关联分析（Genome-Wide Association Study，GWAS），结合单倍型分析挖掘优势位点与候选基因。结果显示：两个性状均呈正态分布，符合数量性状遗传特征；蛋白质含量广义遗传率为55.6%，油脂含量为69.3%，后者受环境干扰更小。共筛选出6个与蛋白质含量显著相关的SNP位点（-log10P≥4.78），其中Gm20_30617410为多环境重复位点；检测到17个油脂含量显著相关SNP位点，在E3、E4、E6和E7这4个环境中重复定位到12个位点，集中于Gm05染色体。候选基因挖掘显示，Glyma20g21190（核糖体蛋白）、Glyma20g21540（氨基转移酶）等可能调控蛋白质合成，Glyma05g33190（氧化还原酶）、Glyma05g33360（短链脱氢酶）等参与油脂代谢。研究结果可为大豆品质性状的分子标记辅助育种提供了重要理论依据。
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