HU Guo-yu,LI Jie-kun,WANG Da-gang,et al.Evolution Analysis of Main Characters of Soybean Varieties Released in Different Years in Anhui Province[J].Soybean Science,2020,39(05):657-666.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2020.05.0657]
安徽省不同年代育成大豆品种的性状演变分析
- Title:
- Evolution Analysis of Main Characters of Soybean Varieties Released in Different Years in Anhui Province
- Keywords:
- Anhui province; Soybean varieties; Agronomy; Yield; Quality; Evolution
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为系统分析不同年代育成品种的性状演变规律，给黄淮海地区大豆育种和生产工作提供参考，本研究对1983-2019年以来安徽省育成的96个大豆品种的主要性状演变进行分析。结果表明：37年间品种单株荚数增加4.23个，百粒重增加2.73 g，产量提高728.32 kg·hm-2；株高降低8.38 cm，分枝数降低0.7个，亚有限生长习性品种比例由1980s的87.5%减少到2010s的5.36%，蛋白及脂肪含量略有降低。1980s-1990s及1990s-2000s,单株荚数和百粒重均有较大程度增加，产量提高较快。育成品种的单株荚数、百粒重与产量呈显著和极显著正相关，株高、分枝数与产量呈显著负相关。从96份品种中筛选出稳产品种17份，其百粒重显著高于一般品种，株高略低于一般品种。研究结果说明在安徽省目前的生产条件及栽培方式下，培育分枝较少、株高适宜、百粒重相对较大的品种利于高产稳产，改进大豆栽培方式有利于大豆产量突破。
- Abstract:
- ?In order to systematically analyze the evolution law of breeding varieties in different years and provide reference for soybean breeding and production in Huanghuaihai region, we analyzed the main character changes of 96 soybean varieties released in Anhui during 1983-2019. The results showed that, in 37 years, the yield of varieties had increased by 728.32 kg·ha-1, with the pods per plant increased by 4.23 and the 100-seed weight increased by 2.73 g, the plant height and branch number of the varieties had decreased by 8.38 cm and 0.7 respectively, and the percentage of semi-determinate growth habit varieties had reduced from 87.5% in 1980s to 5.36% in 2010s. In 1980s-1990s and 1990s-2000s, the pods per plant and 100-seed weight of released varieties both increased greatly, and the yield of the varieties also improved quickly. There were significantly positive correlations between the yield with pods per plant and 100-seed weight. And the correlations between the yield with plant height and branch number were significantly negative related. 17 varieties with stable yield were selected from 96 varieties. The 100-seed weight of the stable yield varieties were significantly higher than that of general varieties, and the plant height were slightly lower than that of general varieties. Under the current production conditions and cultivation methods in Anhui, in order to obtain varieties of high and stable yield with fewer branch, suitable plant height, and relatively large 100-seed weight should be bred. And methods of improving soybean cultivation may be beneficial to yield breakthrough of soybean varieties.
参考文献/References:
［1］盖钧镒,赵团结,崔章林,等. 中国1923－1995年育成的651个大豆品种的遗传基础［J］. 中国油料作物学报, 1998(1):20-26. (Gai J Y, Zhao T J, Cui Z L, et al. Genetic basis of 651 soybean varieties bred in China from 1923 to 1995［J］. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 1998(1):20-26.)［2］任海红,任小俊,马俊奎,等. 1973-2017年山西省审定大豆品种的系谱分析［J］.中国油料作物学报, 2019, 41(4):550-558. (Ren H H, Ren X J, Ma J K, et al. Pedigree analysis of soybean varieties released in Shanxi province from 1973 to 2017［J］. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2019,41(4):550-558.)［3］张礼凤,徐冉,王彩洁. 山东大豆品种主要农艺性状的演进［J］. 大豆科学, 2005，24(3):39-42. (Zhang L F, Xu R, Wang C J. Development of main agronomic characters of soybean varieties in Shandong province［J］. Soybean Science, 2005，24(3):39-42.)［4］薛永国,魏崃,唐晓飞,等. 黑龙江省育成大豆品种性状演变的分析［J］.大豆科学, 2015, 34(3):361-366. (Xue Y G, Wei L, Tang X F, et al. Analysis and evolution on different traits of soybean varieties from Heilongjiang province［J］. Soybean Science, 2015, 34(3):361-366.)［5］金剑,王光华,刘晓冰,等.1950—2006年间黑龙江省大豆品种农艺性状的演变［J］. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2008, 34(3): 296-302. (Jin J, Wang G H, Liu X B, et al. Agronomic changes of soybean cultivars released during 1950 to 2006 in Heilongjiang province［J］. Journal of Zhejiang University （Agriculture and Life Science）, 2008,34(3): 296-302.)［6］郑伟,郭泰,王志新,等. 黑龙江省不同年代育成大豆品种主要农艺性状的遗传改良［J］.中国油料作物学报, 2015, 37(6):797-802. (Zheng W, Guo T, Wang Z X, et al. Genetic improvement of major agronomic traits on soybean cultivars of different years in Heilongjiang province［J］. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2015, 37(6):797-802.)［7］徐冉,张礼凤,王彩洁,等. 山东省审定大豆品种的产量、品质及株型演变［J］.中国油料作物学报, 2007,29(3):242-247. (Xu R, Zhang L F, Wang C J, et al. Development of yield, quality and plant type of released and registered summer-sowing soybean varieties in Shandong province［J］. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2007,29(3):242-247.)［8］任海红,马俊奎,刘学义,等.山西省审定大豆品种主要农艺性状、产量及品质的演变分析［J］.中国油料作物学报, 2018, 40(6):762-768. (Ren H H, Ma J K, Liu X Y, et al. Evolution analysis of major agronomic traits, yield and quality of soybean varieties of Shanxi province［J］. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2018,40(6):762-768.)［9］杜祥备,黄志平,于国宜,等. 安徽省大豆产业可持续发展中的问题及对策［J］.农学学报，2019,9(11):78-83. (Du X B, Huang Z P, Yu G Y, et al. The present situation, problems and sustainable development strategy of soybean production in Anhui［J］. Journal of Agriculture, 2019,9(11):78-83.)［10］张磊,戴瓯和,朱国富,等.皖豆系列大豆品种系谱分析［J］.安徽农业科学,2000(2):139-140, 142.（Zhang L, Dai O H, Zhu G F, et al. Pedigree analysis of Wandou series soybean varieties［J］ Anhui Agricultural Science, 2000(2):139-140, 142.)［11］黄志平,张磊,王安东,等. 皖豆系列大豆品种的选育评价及发展策略［J］.大豆科学, 2007, 26(3):423-425. (Huang Z P, Zhang L, Wang A D, et al. Breeding development strategies and appraisal of soybean varieties of Wandou series［J］. Soybean Science, 2007, 26(3): 423-425.)［12］张孟臣,张磊,刘学义. 黄淮海大豆改良种质［M］. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2014, 522-540. (Zhang M C, Zhang L, Liu X Y. Improved soybean germplasm in Huanghuaihai［M］. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2014, 221-244.)［13］邱丽娟,王曙明. 中国大豆品种志(1993-2004)［M］. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2007, 350-362. (Qiu L J, Wang S M. Records of soybean varieties in China (1993-2004)［M］. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2007, 350-362.)［14］胡国玉,李杰坤,黄志平,等.不同结荚习性夏大豆种质的农艺表现及其与产量的相关分析［J］.植物遗传资源学报, 2014, 15(2):417-422. (Hu G Y, Li J K, Huang Z P, et al. Agronomic characters and their correlations with yield in summer soybean varieties of different growth Habit［J］. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2014,15(2): 417-422.)［15］王朋. 中熟水稻品种株型与产量演进特点的研究［D］. 扬州:扬州大学, 2007. (Wang P. Studies on plant type and yield evolution of medium maturity rice varieties ［D］. Yangzhou: Yangzhou University, 2007.)［16］王之旭.辽宁省水稻品种更替过程中生理与产量性状的演替规律研究［D］.北京:中国农业科学院, 2009. (Wang Z X. Research on alteration rule about rice physiological and yield traits during cultivar replacement in Liaoning［D］. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2009.)［17］张平治,徐继萍,范荣喜,等.安徽省小麦品种演变分析［J］.中国农学通报,2009,25(23):195-199. (Zhang P Z, Xu J P, Fan R X, et al. Evolution analysis of wheat varieties in Anhui［J］. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2009, 25(23):195-199.)［18］方正.冬小麦新品种选育研究［M］.北京:中国农业科学技术出版社, 2010,39-70. (Fang Z. Study on breeding of new winter wheat varieties［M］. Beijing: China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, 2010, 39-70.)［19］陈慧,邸伟,姚玉波,等.不同大豆品种根瘤固氮酶活性与固氮量差异研究［J］.核农学报, 2013, 27(3): 379-383. (Chen H, Di W, Yao Y B, et al. Study on the difference of nodule nitrogenase activity and amount of nitrogen fixation of different soybean varieties［J］. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2013,27(3): 379-383.)［20］郑浩宇, 黄炳林, 王孟雪, 等.氮肥减施与接种根瘤菌对大豆光合与产量的影响［J］.大豆科学2019,38(3): 413-420. (Zhang H Y, Huang B L, Wang M X, et al. The effect of nitrogen fertilizer reduction and rhizobium inoculation on soybean photosynthesis and yield［J］. Soybean Science, 2019,38(3):413-420.)［21］闫静静,杨兰芳,庞静.大豆和棉花生长对土壤呼吸的影响［J］.作物学报, 2010, 36(9):1559-1567. (Yan J J, Yang L F, Pang J. Effects of soybean and cotton growth on soil respiration［J］. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2010, 36(9):1559-1567.)［22］曹立为.耕层深度及土壤容重对大豆生长发育和产量的影响［D］. 哈尔滨: 东北农业大学, 2015. (Cao L W. The effect of topsoil depth and bulk density on soybean growth and yield［D］. Harbin: Northeast Agricultural University, 2015.)［23］宋秋来,张晓雪,周全,等.侧向施肥距离对大豆氮磷钾吸收及产量的影响［J］. 大豆科学, 2014, 33(1):79-82. (Song Q L, Zhang X X, Zhou Q, et al. Effect of lateral fertilization distance on N, P and K absorption and yield in soybean［J］.Soybean Science, 2014, 33(1):79-82.)
备注/Memo