ZHAI Tao,WU Ling.Study on Development Situation and Revitalization Strategy of Soybean Industry in China from an Open Perspective[J].Soybean Science,2020,39(03):472-478.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2020.03.0472]
开放视角下中国大豆产业发展态势与振兴策略研究
- Title:
- Study on Development Situation and Revitalization Strategy of Soybean Industry in China from an Open Perspective
- Keywords:
- Agricultural opening; Soybean industry; Whole industrial chain; The revitalization of strategy
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 大豆产业振兴是中国实施乡村振兴战略中产业兴旺的重要内容。深入分析开放格局下中国大豆产业的生产、消费、贸易和加工格局的发展态势，科学把脉其面临的挑战，进而提出解决对策，对推动大豆产业健康发展、保障国家粮食安全具有重要的现实意义。加入WTO以来，中国大豆供给态势下降，播种面积、单产及总产量长期徘徊不前。大豆需求态势旺盛，需求量不断攀升，进口持续增加，大豆进口贸易依存度攀升。大豆加工业能力增强，但外资控股居高不下，国内大豆相关企业没有话语权。面对国际市场优质低价大豆的冲击和国内大豆比较效益低下的“双重挤压”，囿于大豆国内支持保护政策的刚性约束，建议多措并举稳定和增加国内大豆产量，实施差异化发展战略，培育和壮大大豆跨国粮食企业，进一步完善国内大豆全产业链支持保护政策。
- Abstract:
- The revitalization of the soybean industry is an important part of China′s industrial prosperity in the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. An in-depth analysis of the development situation of the production, consumption, trade and processing pattern of China′s soybean industry under an open pattern, scientifically addressing the challenges it faces, and then proposing solutions, is of great practical significance to promote the healthy development of the soybean industry and ensure national food security. Since joining the WTO, China′s soybean supply has declined, and planting area, yield and total output have been stagnant for a long time. However, demand for soybeans was strong, imports continue to increase, and the dependence on soybean import trade was rising. Soybean processing industry was enhanced, but Foreign-owned holdings remained high, while domestic soybean-related enterprises had no right to speak. Facing the ‘double squeeze’ of relatively low domestic soybeans and high-quality soybeans in the international market, and the rigid constraints of domestic support and protection policies, more measures to stabilize and increase domestic soybean cultivation, implement differentiated development strategies, cultivate and expand soybean multinational grain enterprises, and further improve the domestic soybean industry′s entire industrial chain support and protection policy are recommended to take.
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