[1]刘来盘,刘标.耐除草剂转基因大豆对花粉生活力的影响[J].大豆科学,2018,37(05):736-740.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2018.05.0736]
　LIU Lai-pan,LIU Biao.Effects of Transgenic Glyphosate-Tolerate Soybean on Pollen Viability[J].Soybean Science,2018,37(05):736-740.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2018.05.0736]
点击复制

耐除草剂转基因大豆对花粉生活力的影响

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第37卷 期数: 2018年05期 页码: 736-740 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-09-20
Title:
Effects of Transgenic Glyphosate-Tolerate Soybean on Pollen Viability
作者:
（1.南京大学 生命科学学院，江苏 南京 210023； 2.生态环境部南京环境科学研究所，江苏 南京 210042）
Author(s):
LIU Lai-pan1; 2; LIU Biao2
（1.College of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; 2.Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China）
关键词:
转基因大豆; 花粉萌发; 基因漂移
Keywords:
Transgenic soybean;  Pollen germination;  Gene flow
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2018.05.0736
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
转基因作物的环境安全评价是其商业化推广前的必要环节，其基因漂移风险及其可能引起的生态环境效应是安全性评价的重要内容。为了明确转EPSPS、PAT基因抗草甘膦大豆S4003.12和S4003.14外源基因的逃逸风险，于大豆盛花期选取温室种植的转基因大豆、其受体品种及常规栽培大豆材料花粉，使用液体培养基培养，检测其萌发率，并于带标尺显微镜下观察其花粉粒直径。结果表明：大豆花粉刚离体后萌发活力最强，培养2 h后花粉萌发率基本达到最大值约88.2%，随离体时间延长萌发活力随之下降，室温放置3 h后，花粉几近完全失活；与非转基因对照相比，转EPSPS、PAT基因耐除草剂大豆S4003.12和S4003.14的花粉离体后的生存能力无显著差异，对花粉粒直径大小无显著差异。研究表明耐除草剂转基因大豆花粉传播能力与非转基因大豆间无显著差异，通过设置隔离区可有效规避外源基因逃逸风险。
Abstract:
The risk of gene flow and the possible ecological environmental effects of the transgenic crops are the important contents of the safety assessment which is a necessary link before the commercialization. For assessing the genetic flow risk of Glyphosate-Tolerate Soybean S4003.12 and S4003.14, the germination rate of pollen in profuse flowering seasons from transgenic soybean, its receptor and conventional cultivated soybean varieties which selected in the greenhouses were detected by fluid nutrient medium, and the diameter of pollen grains were observed under scale microscope. The results showed that pollen germination rate of soybean was strongest when the pollen just in vitro which approximately 88.2% after 2 h. The germination vigor of the pollen decreased with the lengthening of the time in vitro, the pollen was almost completely inactivated when put it at room temperature for 3 h. No significant effect on the viability of pollen in vitro and the diameter of pollen grains between the Glyphosate-Tolerate Soybean S4003.12, S4003.14 and the normal control. The study showed that there was no significant difference between the pollen transmission ability of glyphosate resistant transgenic soybean and non transgenic soybean and the risk of extraneous gene escape could be effectively avoided by setting the isolation zone.

参考文献/References:

［1］Bruinsma J. World agriculture: Towards 2015/2030: An FAO perspective［M］. London:Earthscan Publications Ltd, 2003, 20(4).
［2］Sibel R, Harlander S. Genetic modification in the food industry: A strategy for food quality improvement［M］. London: Boston Springer, 1998: 3-26.
［3］James C. Global status of commercialized biotech/GM crops: 2016 ISAAA briefs: No. 49-199［R］. New York: ISAAA, 2017: 36-37.
［4］赵波, 张鹏飞. 抗除草剂转基因大豆的生态安全评价进展［J］. 山地农业生物学报, 2012, 31(1):70-76.（Zhao B, Zhang P F. Progress in ecological safety evaluation of herbicide resistant transgenic soybean［J］. Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology, 2012, 31(1):70-76.）
［5］Lemes E S, Barros A C S A, Peske S T, et al. Estimate of the gene flow between transgenic and non transgenic soybean cultivars［J］. Revista Brasileira De Tecnologia Aplicada Nas Ciências Agrárias, 2014, 7(1):97-102.
［6］Ray J D, Kilen T C, Abel C A, et al. Soybean natural cross-pollination rates under field conditions［J］. Environmental Biosafety Research, 2003, 2(2):133-138.
［7］Wang K J, Li X H. Interspecific gene flow and the origin of semi-wild soybean revealed by capturing the natural occurrence of introgression between wild and cultivated soybean populations［J］. Plant Breeding, 2011, 130(2):117-127.
［8］Fujita R, Ohara M, Okazaki K, et al. The extent of natural cross-pollination in wild soybean (Glycine soja) ［J］. Journal of Heredity, 1997, 88(2):124-128.
［9］Kuroda Y, Kaga A, Tomooka N, et al. Gene flow and genetic structure of wild soybean (Glycine soja) in Japan［J］. Crop Science, 2008, 48(3):1071-1079.
［10］Nakayama Y, Yamaguchi H. Natural hybridization in wild soybean (Glycine max ssp. soja) by pollen flow from cultivated soybean (Glycine max ssp. max) in a designed population［J］. Weed Biology & Management, 2002, 2(1):25-30.
［11］Yoshimura Y. Wind tunnel and field assessment of pollen dispersal in Soybean［Glycine max (L.) Merr.］［J］. Journal of Plant Research, 2011, 124(1):109-114.
［12］刘忠松, 官春云, 陈社员. 植物雄性不育机理的研究及应用［M］. 北京: 中国农业出版社, 2001: 12-18. （Liu Z S, Guan C Y, Chen S Y. Study and application of the mechanism of male sterility in plants ［M］. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2001: 12-18.）
［13］孙颖, 孙大业. 花粉萌发和花粉管生长发育的信号转导［J］. 植物学报, 2001, 43(12): 1211-1217. (Sun Y, Sun D Y. Signal transduction of pollen germination and pollen tube growth and development［J］. Bulletin of Botany, 2001, 43(12): 1211-1217.）
［14］尹佳蕾, 赵惠恩. 花粉生活力影响因素及花粉贮藏概述［J］. 中国农学通报, 2005, 21(4):110-113.（Yin J L, Zhao H E. An overview of the factors affecting pollen viability and the storage of pollen［J］. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2005, 21(4):110-113.）
［15］张彬彬, 李永光, 盖江南,等. 转TaDREB3基因大豆基因漂流距离及频率的研究［J］. 大豆科学, 2011, 30(4):563-565. （Zhang B B, Li Y G, Gai J N, et al. Distance and frequency of gene flow in transgenic soybean overexpressing TaDREB3［J］. Soybean Science, 2011, 30(4):563-565.）
［16］刘杰, 周波, 杨春燕,等. 抗草甘膦转EPSPS大豆的基因漂移研究［J］. 大豆科学, 2012, 31(4):517-521. （Liu J, Zhou B, Yang C Y, et al. Gene flowing of genetically modified glyphosate-resistant soybean with EPSPS［J］. Soybean Science, 2012, 31(4): 517-521.）
［17］刘琦, 李希臣, 刘昭军,等. 抗草甘膦转基因大豆基因漂移的研究Ⅰ大豆风媒介传粉的基因漂移研究［J］. 黑龙江农业科学, 2008, 2008(1):14-16.（Liu Q, Li X C, Liu Z J, et al. Study on roundup ready soybean′s round up ready gene flowing study on round up ready gene move to soybean by anemophily［J］. Heilong jiang Agricultural Sciences, 2008, 2008(1):14-16.）
［18］王昌陵, 曹永强, 张立军, 等. 响应面法对大豆花粉离体萌发主要影响因子的优化［J］. 江苏农业科学, 2016, 44(3) : 94- 98. （Wang C L, Cao Y Q, Zhang L J, et al. Optimization of main factors affecting soybean pollen germination in vitro by response surface methodology［J］. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 44(3): 94- 98.）
［19］Zhang H, Liang W, Yang X, et al. Carbon starved anther encodes a MYB domain protein that regulates sugar partitioning required for rice pollen development［J］. Plant Cell, 2010, 22(3):672.
［20］程云清, 张奇, 刘剑锋,等. 外源乙烯调控大豆花粉育性的研究［J］. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2014, 40(1):25-32.（Cheng Y Q, Zhang Q, Liu J F, et al. Study on the regulation of soybean pollen fertility by exogenous ethylene［J］. Journal of Zhejiang University(Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2014, 40(1):25-32.）
［21］张绍铃, 陈迪新, 康琅,等. 培养基组分及pH值对梨花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响［J］. 西北植物学报, 2005, 25(2):225-230.（Zhang S L, Chen D X, Kang L, et al. Effects of medium components and pH value on pear pollen germination and pollen tube growth［J］. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2005, 25(2):225-230.）
［22］王昌陵, 宋书宏, 孙旭刚,等. 应用Plackett-Burman设计法筛选大豆花粉萌发的主要影响因素［J］. 大豆科技, 2014(3):3-6. （Wang C L, Song S H, Sun X G, et al. Application of plackett-burman design in indentifying the main factors influencing the germination of soybean pollen［J］. Soybean Science & Technology, 2014(3):3-6.）
［23］孟金陵. 植物生殖遗传学［M］.北京: 科学出版社, 1995. （Meng J L. Plant reproductive genetics ［M］. Beijing: Science Press, 1995.）
［24］刘芳, 周蕴薇. 花粉的保存及生活力测定方法的探讨［J］. 南方农业, 2007, 1(3):70-71. （Liu F, Zhou Y W. Study on the preservation of pollen and determination of its viability［J］. Guangxi Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 1(3):70-71.）
［25］Caviness C E. Estimates of natural crosspollination in Jackson soybeans in arkansas［J］. Cropence, 1966, 6(2): 211.
［26］Ahrent D K, Caviness C E. Natural cross-pollination of twelve soybean cultivars in Arkansas［J］. Crop Science, 1994, 34(2):376-378.
［27］Kiang Y T, Chiang Y C, Kaizuma N. Genetic diversity in natural populations of wild soybean in Iwate prefecture, Japan［J］. Journal of Heredity, 1992, 83(5):325-329.
［28］Abud S, Souza P I M de, Vianna G R, et al. Gene flow from trans genictonon transgenic soybean plants in the Cerrado region of Brazil［J］. Genetics and Molecular Research, 2007, 6(2): 445-452.
［29］吕晓波, 王宏燕, 刘琦,等. 抗草甘膦转基因大豆(RRS)在黑土生态系统种植的安全性研究［J］. 大豆科学, 2009, 28(2):260-265. (Lyu X B, Wang H Y, Liu Q, et al. Biosafety of roundup ready soybean(RRS) planted in black soil ecosystem［J］. Soybean Science, 2009, 28(2):260-265.)

相似文献/References:

[1]林凡敏,柏锡,樊超,等.转GsGST14耐盐碱基因大豆的农艺性状调查[J].大豆科学,2013,32(01):56.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.01.013]
　LIN Fan-min,BAI Xi,FAN Chao,et al.Investigation and Analysis of the Main Agronomic Traits of Different Transgenic Soybean Lines with GsGST14 Gene[J].Soybean Science,2013,32(05):56.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.01.013]
[2]芦春斌,周文,刘标.喂食转基因大豆对子代雄鼠生殖系统的影响[J].大豆科学,2013,32(01):119.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.01.028]
　LU Chun-bin,ZHOU Wen,LIU Biao.Effects of Transgenic Soybean on Reproductive System in Male Mice[J].Soybean Science,2013,32(05):119.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.01.028]
[3]王 东,宋 君,叶先林,等.转基因大豆外源基因NOS终止子定量测定的不确定度分析[J].大豆科学,2013,32(05):601.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.05.0601]
　WANG Dong,SONG Jun,YE Xian-lin,et al.[J].Soybean Science,2013,32(05):601.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.05.0601]
[4]程 遥.中国大豆种植业发展的思考[J].大豆科学,2013,32(05):711.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.05.0711]
　CHENG Yao.Consideration on the Development of China Soybean Industry[J].Soybean Science,2013,32(05):711.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.05.0711]
[5]周 洁,于 崧,王珊珊,等.抗盐碱转基因大豆对根际土壤固氮细菌多样性的影响[J].大豆科学,2013,32(06):801.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.06.0801]
　ZHOU Jie,YU Song,WANG Shan-shan,et al.Effects of Salinization Resistance Transgenic Soybeans on Rhizosphere Soil Nitrogen-fixing Bacterial Diversity[J].Soybean Science,2013,32(05):801.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.06.0801]
[6]厉 志,王曙明,刘 佳,等.广适性转bar基因大豆除草剂草丁膦筛选浓度的研究[J].大豆科学,2013,32(06):810.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.06.0810]
　LI zhi,WANG Shu-ming,LIU Jia,et al.Study on Screening Concentration of Wide Adaptability Herbicide Resistant? bar Transgenic Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2013,32(05):810.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.06.0810]
[7]何龙凉,胡红东,李小琴,等.防城港口岸进境转基因大豆贸易概况及检验检疫分析[J].大豆科学,2013,32(04):539.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.04.0539]
　HE Long-liang,HU Hong-dong,LI Xiao-qin,et al.General Situation of Imported Genetically Modified Soybean in Fangchenggang Port and Its Inspection and Quarantine Analysis[J].Soybean Science,2013,32(05):539.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.04.0539]
[8]周广彪,蔡 颖,陈文婉,等.QuickGene-810型自动核酸提取仪在转基因大豆检测中的应用研究[J].大豆科学,2014,33(03):434.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2014.03.0434]
　ZHOU Guang-biao,CAI Ying,CHEN Wen-wan,et al.Application of Quick Gene810 Automated Nucleic Acid Extraction Instrument on Detection of Genetically Modified Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2014,33(05):434.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2014.03.0434]
[9]张彬彬,李永光,盖江南,等.转TaDREB3基因大豆基因漂流距离及频率的研究[J].大豆科学,2011,30(04):563.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2011.04.0563]
　ZHANG Bin-bin,LI Yong-guang,GAI Jiang-nan,et al.Distance and Frequency of Gene Flow in Transgenic Soybean Overexpressing TaDREB3[J].Soybean Science,2011,30(05):563.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2011.04.0563]
[10]陈晟,郭丽琼,宋景深,等.T5代γ-亚麻酸转基因大豆的遗传稳定性分析[J].大豆科学,2012,31(01):24.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2012.01.006]
　CHEN Sheng,GUO Li-qiong,SONG Jing-shen,et al.Genetic Stability Analysis of the Fifth Generation of Transgenic Soybeans Expressing γ-linolenic Acid[J].Soybean Science,2012,31(05):24.[doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-9841.2012.01.006]

备注/Memo

收稿日期：2018-06-25

基金项目：转基因生物新品种培育重大专项(2016ZX08012-005)。
第一作者简介：刘来盘（1989-），男，博士，主要从事转基因生物安全研究。E-mail：liulaipan@163.com。
通讯作者：刘标（1969-），男，博士，研究员，主要从事转基因生物安全研究。E-mail：liubiao@nies.org。

更新日期/Last Update: 2018-10-08