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[1]徐彩龙,韩天富,吴存祥.黄淮海麦茬大豆免耕覆秸精量播种栽培技术研究[J].大豆科学,2018,37(02):197-201.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2018.02.0197]
　XU Cai-long,HAN Tian-fu,WU Cun-xiang.No-tillage Plus Straw Mulching and Precise Sowing Cultivation Technology Research for Soybean after Winter Wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai Region[J].Soybean Science,2018,37(02):197-201.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2018.02.0197]

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黄淮海麦茬大豆免耕覆秸精量播种栽培技术研究

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第37卷期数: 2018年02期页码: 197-201 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-03-20

Title:: No-tillage Plus Straw Mulching and Precise Sowing Cultivation Technology Research for Soybean after Winter Wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai Region

作者:: 徐彩龙; 韩天富; 吴存祥; (中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/国家大豆产业技术研发中心，北京 100081)

Author(s):: XU Cai-long; HAN Tian-fu; WU Cun-xiang; (Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National soybean Industrial Technology R & D center, Beijing 100081, China)

关键词:: 夏大豆; 麦秸还田; 精播保苗; 覆秸保墒; 增产增效

Keywords:: Summer soybean; Straw turnover; Precise sowing for saving seedlings; Mulching for moisture conservation; Increasing yield and income

分类号:: S565.1

DOI:: 10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2018.02.0197

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 黄淮海地区是我国重要的大豆生产区之一，该地区大豆的前茬作物为小麦，小麦收获后，田间麦秸量大，麦茬较高，大豆播种质量难以保证，进而影响大豆生长和产量形成。为破解上述生产难题，国家大豆产业技术体系经过多年协同攻关研发了麦茬大豆免耕覆秸精量播种技术。该技术可一次性完成秸秆侧向抛秸、分层施肥（药）、精量播种、覆土镇压、封闭除草等核心作业环节，同步实现了小麦秸秆全量还田、大豆精量播种和田间病虫草害的防治。本文结合多年来试验示范数据对麦茬大豆免耕覆秸精量播种技术进行了详细介绍，结果表明：免耕覆秸精量播种技术有效地解决了长期困扰黄淮海地区大豆生产的麦秸处理、大豆保苗和土壤培肥难题，增产增效显著。免耕覆秸精量播种技术在大豆生产过程中降低了生产成本，提高了大豆的种植效益，该技术在黄淮海地区具有广阔的应用前景。

Abstract:: Huang-Huai-Hai region is one of the important soybean productivity regions in China. In this plain, the soybean plant was sowed after winter wheat. Because of the large amounts of wheat straw and higher stubble, the sowing quality of soybean was very poor (non-uniform seed depth or spacing), which had negative effect on soybean growth and yield formation. In order to solve the above problems, a new cultivation technology, including straw total turnover, precise sowing and pest management, was developed by the national soybean industrial technology system through collaborative research for many years. In this paper, the cultivation technology was introduced in detail combining with the experimental data. The results showed that this new cultivation technology was powerful to synchronously resolve the sticky questions of wheat residue management, soybean seedlings protection, and soil fertility improvement, and the stimulation effect was remarkable. The new cultivation technology can reduce the production cost and improve economic benefit in the process of soybean productivity, which has broad application prospects in Huang-Huai-Hai region.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期：2017-10-30

基金项目：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目（CARS-04）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201303011）；国家重点研究发展计划（2017YFD0101406）。

第一作者简介：徐彩龙（1986-），男，博士，助理研究员，主要从事作物高产与资源高效利用研究。E-mail: xucailong@caas.cn。

通讯作者：吴存祥（1969-），男，博士，研究员，主要从事大豆遗传育种与栽培研究。E-mail: wucunxiang@caas.cn。韩天富（1963-），男，博士，研究员，主要从事大豆遗传育种和产业技术研发工作。E-mail: hantianfu@caas.cn。

更新日期/Last Update: 2018-04-02