大豆品种及品种混合与玉米间作对玉米/大豆间作生产力的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Soybean Varieties and Mixed Soybean Intercropped with Maize on Productivity of Maize/Soybean Intercropping Systems
- 摘要:
- 为筛选适宜于甘肃河西走廊灌区与玉米间作的大豆品种,提升玉米/大豆间作体系生产力。于2021—2022年在甘肃张掖开展田间试验,设置玉米分别与4个大豆品种间作:玉米/长农15(M/CN15)、玉米/陇中黄601(M/LZH601)、玉米/陇豆78-1(M/LD78-1)、玉米/Williams82 (M/Williams82);玉米间作2个品种大豆混合,即玉米/(陇豆78-1+Williams82),记为M/2SM;玉米间作4个品种大豆混合,即玉米/(长农15+陇中黄601+陇豆78-1+Williams82),记为M/4SM。通过测定单间作条件下作物产量,分析各间作体系生产力(productivity)、土地当量比(Land Equivalent Ratio, LER)、作物偏土地当量比(partial Land Equivalent Ratio, pLER)、间作作物增产率(Overyielding, OY)、大豆相对于玉米竞争力(Aggressivity, Asm),以明确不同大豆品种对作物产量、体系生产力、种间资源竞争的影响。结果表明:各间作体系生产力均显著高于对应单作加权平均生产力,M/LD78-1、M/LZH601和M/CN15的总LER均大于1,M/Williams82、M/2SM和M/4SM的总LER均小于1,各间作体系大豆偏土地当量比(pLERs)均小于0.5,玉米偏土地当量比(pLERm)均大于0.5,M/LZH601中pLERm最高为0.72;各间作体系大豆的增产率(OYs)均为负值,玉米的增产率(OYm)均为正值,M/LZH601中玉米的增产率最高为44.13%;大豆相对于玉米的资源竞争力值均为负值,M/LZH601中大豆相对于玉米的资源竞争力最弱,为-0.673;Asm与间作体系生产力呈显著负相关。综上,大豆品种混合后与玉米间作无间作产量优势,陇中黄601是适宜河西走廊灌区玉米/大豆间作体系间作优势发挥的大豆品种。
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