不同茬口下液态缓释氮肥施用量对大豆干物质积累及氮素利用的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Liquid Slow-release Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rate on Dry Matter Accumulation and Nitrogen Utilization of Soybean Under Different Stubbles
- 摘要:
- 为探究茬口及施氮量水平对大豆干物质积累及氮素利用的影响，采用裂区试验设计，设置正茬和重茬两个茬口，并各设置纯氮含量0 kg·hm-2（N0）、90 kg·hm-2（N1）、180 kg·hm-2（N2）和270 kg·hm-2（N3） 4种液体缓释氮肥施氮量处理；各设置1个尿素纯氮含量180 kg·hm-2（SN2）处理。于2024—2025年在兴安盟阿力得尔苏木开展大豆田间试验，测定土壤全氮、地上部器官干物质和氮素积累量、氮素利用率及产量。结果表明：不同茬口下施用液体缓释氮肥能显著提升大豆地上部干物质积累量，且N2处理影响显著，2024年正茬和重茬的N2处理较SN2处理R6期荚干物质积累量分别显著提高4.08%和8.12%，2025年分别显著提高4.47%和9.96%。N2处理促进正茬和重茬土壤全氮含量的增加，显著提升氮肥表观利用率和氮肥农学效率。2024年正茬和重茬的N2处理较SN2大豆产量分别显著提高7.25%和8.81%，2025年分别显著提高3.35%和9.54%。回归方程模拟最佳施氮量分别为184.26 和180.47 kg·hm-2，产量分别为3 470.26和2 844.45 kg·hm-2。此外，Mantel test分析表明，施氮量与干物质量、氮素积累量、氮肥偏生产力、氮肥农学效率、氮肥表现利用率和产量均呈极显著正相关。研究结果可为兴安盟阿力得尔苏木在正茬和重茬条件下大豆稳产增产及推广液体缓释氮肥施用提供科学依据。
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