MO Fei,WANG Gui-xia,HU Ming-yang.Analysis of Soybean Production Status in Northeast China Based on Cost[J].Soybean Science,2020,39(06):947-953.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2020.06.0947]
基于成本视角的东北地区大豆生产现状分析
- Title:
- Analysis of Soybean Production Status in Northeast China Based on Cost
- Keywords:
- Soybean cost; Contribution rate; Restrictive factors; Northeast area
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为了进一步提高东北地区大豆播种面积，在实现大豆振兴计划的同时提高农民收入。本研究基于成本视角，从东北地区大豆生产现状出发，分析影响成本变动的主要因素及其贡献率，整合同类粮食作物成本差异的启示，深入剖析振兴东北大豆的制约性因素。结果表明：东北地区大豆单位面积产量低、总成本高。通过贡献率分析发现土地成本、人工成本、农药费和机械作业费对大豆总成本的贡献率更大。在同类粮食作物成本比较中东北地区粳稻总成本最高，大豆最低，但大豆成本整体都呈现上涨趋势。据此提出加大科研产出，提高大豆单产水平，降低大豆单位面积产量总成本，改变传统生产方式，改进生产要素投入，降低东北地区大豆成本的建议。本研究对提高农民收益，扩大种植面积，优化大豆产业布局，保障国家粮食安全，实现大豆振兴计划有重要的现实意义。
- Abstract:
- In order to further improve the planting area of soybean in northeast China, realize the plan of soybean vitalization and increase farmers income at the same time. Basing on the cost perspective, starting from the current situation of soybean production in northeast China, this study analyzed the main factors that affect the cost change and its contribution rate.We deeply analyzed the restrictive factors of revitalizing soybean in northeast China on the enlightenment of integrating the cost difference of similar food crops.The results showed that the soybean yield per unit area was low and the total cost per unit area was high in northeast China. Through the contribution rate analysis, we found that land cost, labor cost, pesticide cost and mechanical operation cost contribute more to the total cost of soybean. In the comparison of the cost of the same kind of grain crops, the total cost of japonica rice in northeast China was the highest, and the soybean was the lowest, which showed an upward trend as a whole. Therefore, it was suggested that the state should increase scientific research input to increase soybean yield per unit area and reduce the total cost of soybean yield per unit area, change the traditional mode of production, improve the input of production factors and reduce the cost of soybean production. This study has important practical significance for improving farmers income, expanding planting area, optimizing the layout of soybean industry, ensuring national food security and realizing the plan of soybean revitalization.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2020-07-25