ZHANG Ming-cong,HE Song-yu,JIN Xi-jun,et al.Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Regulation on Photosynthetic Capacity and Yield under Soybean and Maize Rotation[J].Soybean Science,2018,37(06):883-890.[doi:1011861/jissn1000-98412018060883]
氮磷调控对大豆-玉米轮作下植株光合生产能力和产量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Regulation on Photosynthetic Capacity and Yield under Soybean and Maize Rotation
- Keywords:
- Soybean-maize rotation; Nitrogen and phosphorus regulation; Photosynthetic capacity; Yield
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为探明黑龙江垦区玉米-大豆轮作体系下的氮磷肥施用对玉米和大豆光合生产能力和产量的影响。采用小区试验法，于2016-2017年在黑龙江省九三管局分别实施玉-豆和豆-玉轮作，玉米茬口实施增氮减磷，大豆茬口实施减氮增磷，使一个轮作周年内氮磷肥施用总量一致。结果表明：2016年玉-豆轮作下玉米实施增氮减磷处理（MT2），与常规施肥（MCK）相比，提高了玉米叶片SPAD值、叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率，增加了乳熟期营养器官和穗干重，显著提高了玉米产量，MT2处理较MCK处理增产445%（P<005）；2017年玉-豆轮作下大豆实施减氮增磷，与常规施肥相比，各处理均提高叶片的光合速率，增加了鼓粒初期和鼓粒盛期营养器官干物质积累量，产量均有所增加，但未达显著水平。2016年豆-玉轮作下大豆实施减氮增磷方案，与常规施肥相比，各处理均降低叶片SPAD、叶片的光合速率、大豆营养器官的干物质积累量，降低了大豆产量，但未达显著水平；2017年豆-玉轮作下玉米实施增氮减磷，与常规施肥相比，各处理提高了叶片SPAD、光合速率、大喇叭口期后的玉米干物质积累量和玉米产量，其中，MT2与MCK相比增加1265%（P<005）。2年试验表明，在总施肥量不变的情况下，大豆玉米轮作体系下大豆茬口减50%的大豆氮、增50%的玉米磷，玉米茬口增50%的大豆氮、减50%的玉米磷处理可提高轮作周期的叶片的光合生产能力，显著提高玉米产量，同时保证大豆产量不降低，使轮作周期总产量提高。本研究结果可为黑龙江垦区玉米-大豆轮作高效施肥提供理论依据。
- Abstract:
- In order to explore the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus regulation on photosynthetic capacity and yield under soybean and maize rotation in Heilongjiang reclamation region It was carried out in the Jiusan administration bureau of Heilongjiang province A field experiment was conducted in two growing seasons (2016 and 2017), maize-soybean and soybean-maize rotation were planted respectively in 2016, increasing nitrogen and reducing phosphorus in maize stubble, reducing nitrogen and increasing phosphorus in soybean stubble, to ensure that the total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer was the same during rotation period The results indicated that under increasing nitrogen and reducing phosphorus of maize stubble with maize-soybean rotation in 2016, compared to conventional fertilization comparison (MCK), the application of increasing 50% nitrogen of soybean and reduced 50% phosphorus of maize in maize stubble (MT2) increased SPAD, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and transpiration rates (Tr) of leaves, dry weight of vegetative organs and ear at milk-ripening stage, yield of maize Applying MT2 resulted in higher yield increased by 445%（P<005）as compared to MCK In 2017, soybean was planted to reduce nitrogen and increase phosphorus with maize-soybean rotation, compared to MCK, increased the photosynthetic rate of leaves, dry matter accumulation of vegetative organs at early and late of R5 stage, and increased yield of soybean but did not reach the significant levelWhile under reducing nitrogen and increasing phosphorus of soybean stubble with soybean-maize rotation in 2016, compared to conventional fertilization comparison (SCK), reduced SPAD of leaves, photosynthetic rate of leaves and dry matter accumulation of vegetative organs, and reduced yield of soybean, but did not reach the significant level Increasing nitrogen and reducing phosphorus of maize stubble with soybean-maize rotation in 2017, compared to MCK, increased SPAD of leaves, photosynthetic rate of leaves, dry matter accumulation after large bell stage and yield of maize Yield of MT2 was 1265% higher than that of MCK (P<005) This study investigated the relationship between ways of NP applications and changes of photosynthetic capacity through in a field experiment during two growing years, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for high-yield and high-efficient photosynthetic capacity under the same of the total amount fertilizer during rotation period The application of reducing 50% nitrogen of soybean and increasing 50% phosphorus of maize in soybean stubble, and the application of increasing 50% nitrogen of soybean and reducing 50% phosphorus of maize in maize stubble can significantly increase yield of maize, but soybean yield was not decreased, so the total yield of soybean and maize rotation was increased
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相似文献/References:
[1]张阳,黄炳林,张明聪,等.氮磷调控对大豆-玉米轮作周年产量和养分利用效率的影响[J].大豆科学,2019,38(05):762.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.05.0762]
ZHANG Yang,HUANG Bing-lin,ZHANG Ming-cong,et al.Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Regulation on Crop Yield and Nutrient Efficiency Under Soybean and Maize Rotation[J].Soybean Science,2019,38(06):762.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.05.0762]
备注/Memo
收稿日期：2018-07-17