[1]梁福琴,张明君,张强,等.覆盖降解渗水地膜对陕北春大豆生长发育和产量的影响 [J].大豆科学,2018,37(05):723-729.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2018.05.0723]
　LIANG Fu-qin,ZHANG Ming-jun,ZHANG Qiang,et al.Effect of Soil Surface Covered by Degradable Water-Permeability Film on Growth and Yield of Spring Soybean in Northern Shaanxi Province[J].Soybean Science,2018,37(05):723-729.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2018.05.0723]
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覆盖降解渗水地膜对陕北春大豆生长发育和产量的影响

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第37卷 期数: 2018年05期 页码: 723-729 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-09-20
Title:
Effect of Soil Surface Covered by Degradable Water-Permeability Film on Growth and Yield of Spring Soybean in Northern Shaanxi Province
作者:
梁福琴1;  张明君1;  张强1;  李得孝2;  党蓓蕾1;  李霞1
（1.延安市农业科学研究所，陕西 延安 716000； 2.西北农林科技大学 农学院，陕西 杨凌 712100）
Author(s):
LIANG Fu-qin1;  ZHANG Ming-jun1;  ZHANG Qiang1;  LI De-xiao2;  DANG Bei-lei1;  LI Xia1
(1.Yan′an Agricultural Science Research Institute,Yan′an 716000,China; 2.College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China)
关键词:
陕北地区; 降解渗水地膜; 春大豆; 根冠比; 产量
Keywords:
Northern Shaanxi region;  Degradable water-permeability film;  Spring soybean;  Root-crown ratio;  Yield
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2018.05.0723
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探求不同地膜类型对陕北春大豆生长发育和产量的影响，通过布设田间试验，研究了完全降解渗水地膜（T1）、半降解渗水地膜（T2）、普通地膜（T3）、裸地不覆膜（T4）对不同大豆品种生育期内农艺性状以及产量的影响。结果表明：在2个大豆品种中，T1、T2、T3处理较T4处理生育期内平均株高增加了4.42%、6.74%、6.47%，平均根长增加了9.76%、20.13%、18.78%，根冠比增加了17.64%、17.39%、3.94%，地膜覆盖在大豆生长发育前期效果显著，覆盖半降解渗水地膜与裸地不覆膜处理间差异显著；地膜覆盖能显著提高大豆的产量，其中以半降解渗水地膜处理下的干物质积累最多，成熟期干物质积累量较对照增加了73.57%~95.32%，并且籽粒产量最高达到了3 961.4~4 486.5 kg·hm-2，较T1、T3、T4处理产量分别提高了9.17%~9.24%、9.17%~9.24%、11.56%~53.01%。覆盖半降解渗水地膜效益高于其它类型地膜，达到10 933.44元·hm-2，较裸地对照增加了25.4%。覆盖地膜能有效缓解陕北地区大豆生产中土壤水热因子的制约，提升大豆产量和经济收益，尤其是覆盖半降解渗水地膜的效果更好，可作为本区域未来大豆地膜覆盖栽培的首要选择。
Abstract:
In order to explore the effect of different covered film types on growth and yield of spring soybean in Northern Shaanxi province, filed experiment with the treatment of completely degradable water-permeability film (T1), semi-degradable water-permeability film (T2), common plastic film (T3) and film-free (T4) was conducted, and agronomic characters at different growing periods and yield of soybeans were measured. The results showed that compared with the T4 treatment, T1, T2, and T3 had the average plant height increased by 4.42%, 6.74%, 6.47%, the average root length increased by 9.76%, 20.13%, and 18.78%, and the root-shoot ratio increased by 17.64%, 17.39%, 3.94%, respectively. Film-mulching played an obvious effect on soybean growth at the early stage, and the significant difference was detected between semi-degradable water-permeability film(T2) and film-free treatment(T4). Film mulching improved soybean yield significantly, especially, the semi-degradable water-permeability film showed the highest dry matter accumulation which increased by 73.57%-95.32%, compared with the control(T4) in mature period, and the grain yield reached 3 961.4-4 486.5 kg·ha-1, which was 9.17%-9.24% higher than T1, 9.17%-9.24% than T2 and 11.56%-53.01% than T3. The benefit of covering semi-degradable water-permeability film was 10 933.44 yuan·ha-1, which was higher than that of other types of plastic films, and also 25.4% more than that of the control. In conclusion, covering film can effectively relieve the restraint hydrothermal factors of soil in soybean production of Northern Shaanxi province, increase crop yield and economic benefits, especially, covering semi-degradable water-permeability plastic film is recommendable choice for soybean plastic mulching cultivation in this region.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期：2018-06-25

基金项目：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项（CARS-04）
第一作者简介：梁福琴（1974-），女，学士，主要从事大豆新品种选育、示范及推广研究。E-mail:yankslfq@126.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2018-10-08