镰孢菌引发的大豆根腐病及其生物防治研究进展
- Title:
- Research Progress on Soybean Root Rot Caused by Fusarium and its Biological Control
- 摘要:
- 大豆是我国主要粮食和经济作物之一，但其产量和品质极易受病害影响。大豆根腐病是世界范围内较为常见的大豆病害类型。镰孢菌（Fusarium）是大豆根腐病的主要致病菌之一。本文综述了由镰孢菌引发的大豆根腐病的发生条件、发病症状及病害影响，并分析了镰孢菌引发大豆根腐病的致病性与发病机理。通过尖孢镰孢菌（F. oxysporum）和禾谷镰孢菌（F. graminearum）的致病性研究发现，镰孢菌属菌株可以通过破坏宿主植物免疫应答系统或分泌真菌毒素破坏植物细胞等方式引发大豆根腐病。同时不同病原菌之间还存在协同互作机制，可通过分泌促侵染关键物质协同逃脱宿主植物防御。本文总结了镰孢菌引发的大豆根腐病的生物防治研究进展。生物防治手段集合多个作用靶点于一体，通过转录组学技术能够揭示生物防治的作用机理，而生防微生物固有的活体属性所带来的应用局限性则可通过与农业田间管理、化学防治相结合等方式加以攻破。本文还对关于大豆根腐病乃至各类农业生产病害的生物防治未来研究方向进行了展望。
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备注/Memo
黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目（CZBZ202206001）。