2021年黑龙江省疑似大豆猝死综合症的病原鉴定
- Title:
- Identification of Pathogens for Suspected Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome in Heilongjiang Province in 2021
- 摘要:
- 大豆猝死综合症（Sudden Death Syndrome，简称SDS）是美洲大豆生产中严重发生的一种大豆根腐病，已知由茄腐镰孢菌复合种群分支2的4种镰孢菌所引起；该病在中国尚未有报道，但近年来部分大豆田块中发现疑似症状。为探明引起黑龙江省大豆疑似SDS茄腐镰孢菌的种类及致病性与药剂敏感性，于2021年从饶河、鹤岗、黑河和虎林等地采集58株疑似SDS大豆，分离根部和茎基部病原菌，进行形态学观察和基于EF1-α与RPB2的多靶标分子鉴定，以及致病性、杀菌剂敏感性与种衣剂防效测定。结果显示：分离到的31个茄腐镰孢菌菌株能够侵染大豆黄化苗下胚轴，导致大豆生长期根部腐烂，并引起叶片脉间褪绿、斑驳等类似于SDS的症状；这些菌株均属于茄腐镰孢菌复合种群分支3，分为两个类群，其菌落和分生孢子形态基本相似，但接种第一类群菌株后大豆植株的褐色病斑及上下扩展程度更明显；两个类群的8个代表菌株均对多菌灵、嘧菌酯、苯醚甲环唑、吡唑醚菌酯和咪鲜胺等杀菌剂表现敏感，6.25%精甲霜灵·咯菌腈悬浮种衣剂拌种可抑制病菌侵染。本研究为该类大豆病害的监测与防控提供了参考。
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