WANG Peng-hui,JIANG Xin,MA Ming-chao,et al.Screening of Drought-Tolerant Soybean Rhizobium and Its Symbiotic Compatibility Verification[J].Soybean Science,2020,39(01):90-96.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2020.01.0090]
一株耐干燥大豆根瘤菌菌株的筛选与固氮效果评价
- Title:
- Screening of Drought-Tolerant Soybean Rhizobium and Its Symbiotic Compatibility Verification
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为解决干燥环境致使大豆种子根瘤菌包衣后根瘤菌快速死亡，降低根瘤菌使用效果，极大程度限制根瘤菌应用的问题，本研究以分离自我国不同大豆主产区的100株大豆根瘤菌为供试材料，选用目前广泛使用的商业化菌株Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens USDA110和Bradyrhizobium japonicom USDA6为参比菌株，采用玻璃珠干燥法和蛭石盆栽试验，筛选耐干燥且生物固氮性能优良的大豆根瘤菌菌株，并对菌株进行耐干燥筛选和固氮性能评价。玻璃珠干燥法筛选试验结果显示：经过24 h干燥后，根瘤菌菌株5873在玻璃珠上的存活率达到0.44%，显著高于其它菌株，表明该菌株能够耐受干燥胁迫。经16S rDNA序列系统发育分析和ANI计算，初步确定菌株5873属于日本慢生大豆根瘤菌（B.japonicom）。进一步采用蛭石盆栽试验验证菌株5873的共生匹配性和与大豆品种宿主的选择性，并评价其结瘤固氮效果。结果显示：菌株5873与供试的9个大豆品种都能结瘤，表明该菌株具有广谱的结瘤匹配性。其中滇豆5号、徐豆18和冀豆17接种根瘤菌5873后，大豆植株的干重、全氮含量、叶绿素含量与不接种对照相比均显著提高，表现出明显的促生效果。本研究筛选获得一株耐干燥且生物固氮能力优良的大豆根瘤菌菌株5873，可作为根瘤菌包衣专用菌种，也为大豆根瘤菌包衣技术在黄淮海和南方地区的应用提供了菌株资源保障。
- Abstract:
- In order to solve the problem that the dry environment of soybean seeds that coated on the surface might lead to the rapid death of rhizobium, which limited the application prospect of rhizobium. In this study, 100 strains of soybean rhizobia isolated from different soybean producing areas in China were used as test materials, and the commercial strains B.diazoefficiens USDA110 and B.japonicom USDA6 were used as reference strains.The superior drought-resistance and nitrogen fixation strain were screened by the glass bead-drying method and vermiculite potting experiments. After drying for 24 h, the survival rate of strain 5873 was 0.44%, which was significantly higher than other soybean rhizobium and the control strains USDA110 and USDA6, indicating that the strain had better drought-tolerant characteristic. Analysis based on the 16S rDNA sequence phylogenetic analysis and ANI calculation showed the strain 5873 belonged to the Bradyrhizobium japonicom. The vermiculite potting experiments showed that the strain 5873 could nodulate with the nine main soybean varieties, which proved that the strains 5873 have extensive-host advantage in symbiotic nodulation.However,compared with the non-inoculation control, the nitrogen fixation ability were significantly different among different varieties. The dry weight, total nitrogen and chlorophyll of the plants that treated with rhizobium increased, expecially Diandou 5, Xudou 18 and Jidou 17.In this study, a soybean rhizobium strain with good resistance to drying and biological nitrogen fixation was screened and obtained. It can be used as a coating material for subsequent production, this study also provides a guarantee for the application of soybean rhizobium coating technology in Huanghuaihai and southern China.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2019-06-10基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2018YFD0201000，2016YFF0201801）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04)；国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目（GJFP2019033）。第一作者简介：王鹏辉（1993-），男，硕士，主要从事生物固氮相关研究。E-mail：82101172010@caas.cn。通讯作者：姜昕（1969-），女，博士，研究员，主要从事农业资源利用研究。E-mail：jiangxin@caas.cn。