[1]赵建华,孙建好,陈亮之,等. 玉米行距对大豆/玉米间作作物生长及种间竞争力的影响[J].大豆科学,2019,38(02):229-235.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.02.0229]
　ZHAO Jian-hua,SUN Jian-hao,CHEN Liang-zhi,et al.Growth and Interspecific Competition of Crops as Affected by Maize Row Spacing in Soybean/Maize Intercropping System[J].Soybean Science,2019,38(02):229-235.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.02.0229]
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玉米行距对大豆/玉米间作作物生长及种间竞争力的影响

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第38卷 期数: 2019年02期 页码: 229-235 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-03-20
Title:
Growth and Interspecific Competition of Crops as Affected by Maize Row Spacing in Soybean/Maize Intercropping System
作者:
赵建华; 孙建好; 陈亮之; 李伟绮
（甘肃省农业科学院 土壤肥料与节水农业研究所，甘肃 兰州 730070）
Author(s):
ZHAO Jian-hua;  SUN Jian-hao;  CHEN Liang-zhi;  LI Wei-qi
（Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China）
关键词:
玉米行距; 大豆/玉米间作; 间作优势; 种间相对竞争力
Keywords:
Maize row space;  Soybean/Maize intercropping system;  Intercropping advantage;  Aggressivity
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.02.0229
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探明大豆玉米间作系统中玉米种植行距对间作作物生长及种间资源竞争的影响。在固定带宽的大豆/玉米间作系统中，设置10，20，45，60和70 cm 5个间作玉米种植行距，分析间作系统的间作优势、作物生长情况以及大豆相对于玉米的资源竞争力变化。结果表明：随间作玉米行距增加，间作优势增加，70 cm行距间作优势最大，达4 271.4 kg?hm-2。Logistic生长拟合曲线表明:随玉米行距增加，大豆生物累积量减小，达到最大日生长速率峰值的天数缩短，玉米生物累积量最大值出现在D45处理下，达43 471.1 kg?hm-2，D45处理达到最大日生长速率峰值的天数最长，达130 d，且生长后期日生长速率持续高于其它处理；共生期内，伴随作物生长，大豆相对于玉米的资源竞争力Asm逐渐降低，共生后期，表现为随间作玉米种植行距增加，大豆相对于玉米的竞争力Asm逐渐减小。综合分析表明：河西灌区大豆/玉米间作系统中，玉米是强竞争力作物，玉米种植行距为45 cm，有利于大豆和玉米的生长及产量形成，大豆和玉米种间竞争力较弱，可作为河西灌区大豆/玉米间作系统中间作玉米的最佳行距配置。
Abstract:
To explore the effect of maize row spacing on growth and interspecific competition of crops in soybean/maize intercropping. The field experiment was conducted which included 5 maize row spacing treatments (10, 20, 45, 60 and 70 cm) in soybean/maize intercropping system. Intercropping advantage, crops growth, interspecific competition of soybean relative to maize were studied. The results showed that the intercropping advantage increased with maize row spacing increasing, the highest value of intercropping advantage was obtained by D70, which is 4 271.4 kg?ha-1. The crops growth were also fitted by logistic, the result showed that the biomass of intercropped soybean decreased with the increasing of maize row spacing, and the greater the maize row spacing was, the shorter was the days to reach the maximum daily growth rate. The maximum dry matter accumulation of maize was obtained by D45(43 471.1 kg?ha-1), and the days to reach maximum daily growth rate of maize were also gained by D45(130 d) which was longest among treatments and always higher than other treatments during later growth period. The aggressivity of soybean relative to maize (Asm) gradually reduced with the growth of crops during co-growth period, the lower was the Asm, the wider was the maize row spacing during the later co-growth period. By comprehensive analysis, we could concluded that maize is a stronger competitive crop in soybean/maize intercropping system, the intercropped crops would gain high biomass and yield and the competitiveness between intercropped crops would be weakest when the row spacing of maize is 45 cm. Hence, in present study, D45 is more reasonable row spacing for intercropped maize in soybean/maize intercropping system in Hexi corridor.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期：2018-09-03

基金项目：国家重点研发计划子课题（2017YFD0201808-02）。
第一作者简介：赵建华（1980-），男，博士，副研究员，主要从事间套作资源高效利用研究。E-mail:zhaojianhuatt@163.com。
通讯作者：孙建好（1972-），男，硕士，副研究员，主要从事间套作资源高效利用研究。E-mail:sunjianhao@126.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2019-04-01