PDF下载 +分享

微信公众号：大豆科学

[1]高仁才,杨峰,廖敦平,等.行距配置对套作大豆冠层光环境及其形态特征和产量的影响[J].大豆科学,2015,34(04):611-615.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.04.0611]
　GAO Ren-cai,YANG Feng,LIAO Dun-ping,et al.Effects of Different Row Spacings of Maize on Light Environment, Morphological Characteristics and Yield of Soybeans in a Relay Intercropping System[J].Soybean Science,2015,34(04):611-615.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.04.0611]

点击复制

行距配置对套作大豆冠层光环境及其形态特征和产量的影响

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第34卷期数: 2015年04期页码: 611-615 栏目: 出版日期: 2015-08-25

Title:: Effects of Different Row Spacings of Maize on Light Environment, Morphological Characteristics and Yield of Soybeans in a Relay Intercropping System

作者:: 高仁才; 杨峰; 廖敦平; 苏本营; 崔亮; 邓传蓉; 杨文钰; 四川农业大学农学院/农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室，四川成都 611130

Author(s):: GAO Ren-cai; YANG Feng; LIAO Dun-ping; SU Ben-ying; CUI Liang; DENG Chuan-rong; YANG Wen-yu; College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 611130, China

关键词:: 玉米-大豆套作; 透光率; R/Fr; 光质; 根冠比; 生物量

Keywords:: Maize and soybean relay intercropping; PAR transimittance; R/Fr; Root-shoot ratio; Biomass

DOI:: 10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.04.0611

文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 为明确玉米-大豆带状套作群体行距配置对套作大豆的影响，固定带宽为200 cm，玉米采用宽窄行种植，设定玉米窄行距离为20 cm（P1）、40 cm（P2）、60 cm（P3）、80 cm（P4）和100 cm（P5），研究了不同行距配置对套作大豆共生期光环境及其形态特征和产量的影响。结果表明：（1）套作大豆冠层的透光率和红光/远红光（R/Fr）比值随着玉米窄行行距的增大（玉豆间距的减小）而逐渐降低；（2）套作大豆单株的茎粗、地上部生物量、根长、根重和根冠比随着透光率和R/Fr值的增大呈现上升的趋势，最大值出现在玉米窄行20 cm(P1)处理，分别为2.02 mm、0.25 g、8.5 cm、0.034 g和0.14；而株高变化规律相反，最大值为31.9 cm，出现在100 cm(P5)处理中；（3）套作大豆的产量在P1处理和P2处理下差异不显著，最高产量为1 472 kg^.hm^-2，随后随玉米窄行行距的增大而迅速降低，并且与其冠层的透光率和R/Fr比值呈显著和极显著正相关。因此，在玉米-大豆带状套作系统中，将玉米窄行行距控制在20~40 cm范围，有利于大豆生长发育的光环境及后期恢复和产量形成。

Abstract:: In order to clarify the impacts of different row spacings on soybeans in soybean relay intercropping with maize of 200 cm strip width, five treatments were set with different row spacings which were 20 cm (P1), 40 cm (P2), 60 cm (P3), 80 cm(P4) and 100 cm (P5). We analyzed the changes of light environment under different narrow row spacings and its impact on soybean plant morphology and yields of the two crops.The results showed that: (1) the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and Red/Far-red (R/Fr) value of the relay intercropping soybean layer decreased when row spacing increased; (2) Similar to PAR and R/Fr, the stem diameter, root length, shoot biomass, root weight as well as root-shoot ratio of relay intercropping soybean also increased.The maxima of each parameter were all obtained in P1 treatment with corresponding value of 2.02 mm, 8.5 cm, 0.25 g, 0.034 g, and 0.14 respectively. In contrast, plant height of soybeans in relay intercropping was decreased with a maximum of 31.9 cm in P5 treatment (3) The highest yield was 1 472 kg^.hm^-2?obtained in P1 treatment, but there was no significant difference between P1 treatment and P2 treatment.Yield of soybeans decreased with increased row spacing, which was significantly and highly significant correlated with the PAR transmittance and R/Fr, respectively. It is proposed that the narrow row spacings between 20 and 40 cm can be benefit for the light environment, recovery and yield of soybeans in the system.

参考文献/References:

［1］杨继芝,文涛,王竹,等.播期对套作大豆幼苗生长与叶片光合性能的影响［J］.作物杂志, 2008(5):54-58(Yang J Z, Wen T, Wang Z, et al.Effect of sowing date on photosynthetic characteristics of leaves and growth of soybeanseedling under cultivation pattern of wheat/ corn/ soybean［J］.Crops, 2008(5):54-58)

［2］雍太文,杨文钰,向达兵,等.玉／豆套作模式下玉米播期与密度对大豆农艺性状及产量的影响［J］. 大豆科学, 2009，28(3):439-444(Yong T W, Yang W Y, Xing D B, et al. Effect of maize sowing time and density on the agronomic characters and yield of soybean in relay-planting system of maize and soybean［J］. Soybean Science, 2009,28(3):439-444)

［3］王竹,杨文钰.不同种植密度对套作大豆茎叶形态及产量的影响［J］安徽农业科学, 2009(5):1957-1960(Wang Z, Yang W Y. Effect of planting density on stem and leaf morphological characteristics and yield of relay-cropping system［J］. Anhui Agricultural Sciences,2009(5):1957-1960)

［4］龚万灼,张正翼,杨文钰,等烯效唑干拌种对大豆形态特征和产量的影响［J］. 大豆科学, 2007,26(3):369-372(Gong W Z, Zhang Z Y, Yang W Y, et al. Effect of uniconazloe for dry seed treatment on morphological characteristics and yield of soybean［J］. Soybean Science, 2007, 26(3):369-372)

［5］闫艳红,杨文钰,杨小丽.叶面喷施烯效唑对大豆农艺性状的影响［J］. 青岛农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2008(3):215-218 (Yan Y H, Yang W Y, Yang X L. Effect of spraying uniconazole on agronomical traits of relay-cropping soybean ［J］. Journal of Qingdao Agricultural University (Natural Science), 2008(3):215-218)

［6］万燕,杨文钰.不同生长调节剂叶面喷施对套作大豆形态及产量的影响［J］. 大豆科学, 2009,28(1):63-66(Wan Y, Yang W Y. Effect of spraying plant growth regulator on morphology and yield of relay-cropping soybean ［J］. Soybean Science, 2009, 28(1):63-66)

［7］向达兵,郭凯,雷婷,等.磷钾营养对套作大豆茎秆形态和抗倒性的影响［J］. 中国油料作物学报, 2010, 32(3):395-402(Xiang D B, Guo K, Lei T, et al.Effects of phosphorus and potassium on stem characteristics and lodging resistance of relay cropping soybean ［J］ Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2010, 32(3):395-402)

［8］Fehr W R, Caviness C F, Burmood D T, et al. Stage of development descriptions for soybeans, Glycine max (L) Merrill［J］Crop Science, 1971, 11: 929-931

［9］李艳大,汤亮,张玉屏,等.水稻冠层光截获与叶面积和产量的关系［J］. 中国农业科学, 2010, 43(16):3296-3305. Li Y D, Tang L, Zhang Y P, et al. Relationship of PAR iterception of canopy to leaf area and yield in rice ［J］. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2010, 43(16):3296-3305

［10］李艳大,汤亮,张玉屏,等.水稻冠层光合有效辐射的时空分布特征［J］应用生态学报, 2010, 21(4):952-958 (Li Y D, Tang L, Zhang Y P, et al. Spatiotemporal distribution of photosynthetically active radiation in rice canopy［J］.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology，2010，21(4):952-958)

［11］吕丽华,赵明,赵久然,等.不同施氮量下夏玉米冠层结构及光合特性的变化［J］. 中国农业科学, 2008, 41(9):2624-2632(Lyu L H, Zhao M, Zhao J R, et al.Canopy structure and photosynthesis of summer maize under different nitrogen fertilizer application rates［J］. Scientia Agricltura Sinica, 2008, 41(9):2624-2632)?

［12］Hertel C, Leuchner M, R.tzer T, et al. Assessing stand structure of beech and spruce from measured spectral radiation properties and modeled leaf biomass parameters［J］.Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2012, 165: 82-91

［13］Smith H.Phytochromes and light signal perception by plants-an emerging synthesis［J］.Nature, 2000, 407: 585-591

［14］Aphalo P J, Ballaré C L, Scopel A L. Plant-plant signalling, the shade-avoidance response and competition［J］. Journal of Experimental Botany, 1999, 50: 1629-1634

［15］Pessarakli M . Handbook of plant and crop physiology［M］. New York:Marcel Dekker, 2001: 973

［16］Schmitt J. Is photomorphogenic shade avoidance adaptive Perspectives from population biology［J］. Plant, Cell & Environment, 1997, 20(6):826-830

［17］Ruberti I, Sessa G, Ciolfi A, et al. Plant adaptation to dynamically changing environment: the shade avoidance response［J］. Biotechnology Advances, 2012, 30(5):1047-1058

［18］Yan Y H, Gong W Z, Yang W Y, et al. Seed treatment with uniconazole powder improves soybean seedling growth under shading by corn in relay strip intercropping system［J］.Plant Production Science, 2010, 13(4):367-374.

相似文献/References:

[1]雍太文,董茜,刘文钰,等.施氮方式对玉米-大豆套作体系下大豆根瘤固氮、光合特性及产量的影响[J].大豆科学,2013,32(06):791.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.06.0791]
　YONG Tai-wen,DONG Qian,LIU Wen-yu,et al.Effect of N Application Methods on Nitrogenase，Photosynthesis and Yield of Soybean under Maize-Soybean Relay Strip Intercropping System[J].Soybean Science,2013,32(04):791.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.06.0791]
[2]刘文钰,雍太文,刘小明,等.减量施氮对玉米-大豆套作体系中大豆根瘤固氮及氮素吸收利用的影响[J].大豆科学,2014,33(05):705.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2014.05.0705]
　LIU Wen-yu,YONG Tai-wen,LIU Xiao-ming,et al.Effect of Reduced N Application on Nodule N Fixation,N Uptake and Utilization of Soybean in Maize-Soybean Relay Strip Intercropping System[J].Soybean Science,2014,33(04):705.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2014.05.0705]
[3]蒋利,雍太文,张群,等.种植模式和施氮水平对大豆花荚脱落及产量的影响[J].大豆科学,2015,34(05):843.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.05.0843]
　JIANG Li,YONG Tai-wen,ZHANG Qun,et al.Effect ofDifferent Planting Patterns and N Application Rates on Abscission of Flower and Pod of Soybean and Yield[J].Soybean Science,2015,34(04):843.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2015.05.0843]

备注/Memo

基金项目：国家重点基础研究发展计划“973计划”（2011CB100402）；农业部公益性行业科研专项（201203096）；四川农业大学创新性实验项目（1310626063）。第一作者简介：高仁才（1990-），男，硕士，主要从事作物栽培与耕作研究。E-mail:986916455@qq.com。通讯作者：杨文钰（1958-），男，教授，博导，主要从事大豆栽培生理研究。E-mail: mssiyangwy@sicau.edu.cn。

更新日期/Last Update: 2015-08-31