YANG Qiao,LIU Qian,JIAN Heng.Technology of RNAi and Its Application in Genetic Engineering against Soybean Cyst Nematode of Soybean[J].Soybean Science,2013,32(04):548-554.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2013.04.0548]
RNAi技术在抗大豆胞囊线虫基因工程研究中的应用
- Title:
- Technology of RNAi and Its Application in Genetic Engineering against Soybean Cyst Nematode of Soybean
- 分类号:
- S565.1
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- ?大豆胞囊线虫对大豆生产的危害连年加重，以轮作等农业措施和化学农药为主的传统防治难以满足现代农业生产的需要，常规的抗性育种和转基因育种又有一定的局限性。近年来RNAi技术的应用为大豆胞囊线虫功能基因组研究及抗线基因工程带来新的突破。通过生物信息学技术筛选潜在的候选靶标基因，合成dsRNA或构建RNA干扰载体，靶基因的dsRNA或siRNA经线虫口针取食被导入体内，进而引发线虫的系统性RNA干扰反应，导致其出现寄生、发育、代谢、运动、繁殖等障碍甚至致死，从而实现对大豆胞囊线虫的抗性。尽管影响RNAi表型变化的因素众多（如dsRNA的剂量、序列长度及结构差异等），但对其关键问题进行分析和修正，做好生态风险评估，RNAi仍是当前线虫基因功能分析和植物抗线虫基因工程方面的重要手段。小RNA测序、amiRNAi技术等都将加快RNAi技术的发展。本文介绍了RNAi在植物寄生线虫中的作用机制及其在抗大豆胞囊线虫植物基因工程中的应用，并对其应用研究中的关键问题和前景进行了讨论。
- Abstract:
- ?Soybean production losses caused by soybean cyst nematode(Heteterodera glycines Ichnohe)are increasing continually.Traditional control strategies such as rotation system and nematicides can’t meet the needs of modern agriculture development.Resistance breeding and transgenic breeding also have serious limitations.Recently RNA interference technology represents an emerging breakthrough in the application of functional genomics for genetic engineering against soybean cyst nematode.Screen for potential target genes by the application of bioinformatics,and then synthesize dsRNAs or construct the RNAi vector carrying the desired gene sequences.dsRNA or siRNAs of essential genes was oral uptaked by established plant parasitic nematodes through the feeding tube,which elicit a systemic RNAi response and then induce a highly detrimental(suppressing nematode parasitism,development,metabolism,motion,and reproduction)or even lethal RNAi phenotype in nematodes.Although there is still poor understanding of the range of factors(dsRNA concentrations,construct size,et al)that influence RNAi phenotype,modifying current RNAi strategies and performing proper ecological risk assessment can also highlight the novel strategies available for revealing gene function of nematodes and improving host derived RNAi resistance.In the near future,small RNA sequencing techniques and amiRNAi can promote the development of RNAi technologies.This paper reviews the mechanism of RNAi against plant parasitic nematodes,the progress of RNAi-mediated defense against soybean cyst nematodes,the characteristics and some key points of this strategy,and also prospect of its application.
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备注/Memo
?基金项目：公益性行业（农业）科研专项（200903040）。