亚有限结荚习性鲜食大豆衢鲜8号高产栽培因子优化
- Title:
- Optimization of Cultural Factors Affecting Yield of Vegetable Soybean Cultivar Quxian 8
- 关键词:
- 鲜食大豆; 二次正交旋转组合设计; 栽培因子; 亚有限结荚习性; 产量
- 摘要:
- 为优化亚有限结荚习性鲜食大豆的高产高效栽培技术，2022—2023年以衢鲜8号为材料，研究栽培因子播期（X1）、密度（X2）、烯效唑喷施时期（X3）及喷施浓度（X4）对鲜食大豆产量的影响，采用四元二次正交旋转组合设计，以播期、密度、烯效唑喷施时期和喷施浓度为变量，研究各栽培因子对衢鲜8号产量的影响，建立鲜食大豆产量和试验因子的回归数学模型，采用主效应分析、单因素效应分析和交互项分析方法对数学模型进行模拟寻优，优化各栽培因子。结果表明：建立了鲜食大豆产量优化数学回归模型，Y1=11 283.34-2 148.20X1-169.16X2+187.85X3-172.63X4-1 480.14X12-546.93X22-487.02X32-495.44X42-190.75X1X3和Y2=10 834.23-1 231.55X1+184.20X2+ 221.27X3-195.49X4-1 091.78X12-277.39X22-285.70X32-515.57X42+268.54X1X3。各因素对衢鲜8号产量的影响主次顺序依次为：播期、 喷施时期、喷施浓度、 密度。其中播期、密度、烯效唑喷施时期和喷施浓度与鲜食大豆产量的关系均呈开口向下的抛物线，说明播期、喷施时期过早或过晚，密度、喷施浓度过大或过小都会对鲜食大豆产量造成影响。播期与喷施时期交互作用对鲜食大豆产量有显著影响。研究表明鲜食大豆产量大于10 500 kg·hm-2的优化栽培措施为播期7月26—30日，密度16万株·hm-2，烯效唑喷施时期4~5叶期，喷施浓度55.69~75.03 mg·kg-1时，研究结果可为亚有限结荚习性鲜食大豆的高产高效栽培提供理论依据和技术支撑。
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