[1]刘春,王显生,麻.大豆种子贮藏蛋白遗传改良研究进展[J].大豆科学,2008,27(05):866-873.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2008.05.0866]
　LIU Chun,WANG Xian-sheng,MA Hao.Genetic Improvement on Soybean Seed Storage Proteins[J].Soybean Science,2008,27(05):866-873.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2008.05.0866]
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大豆种子贮藏蛋白遗传改良研究进展

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第27卷 期数: 2008年05期 页码: 866-873 栏目: 出版日期: 2008-10-25
Title:
Genetic Improvement on Soybean Seed Storage Proteins
文章编号:
1000-9841(2008)5-0866-08
作者:
刘春1; 2; 王显生1; 麻1
1南京农业大学大豆研究所，作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室，江苏 南京 210095；
2衡阳师范学院生命科学系，湖南 衡阳 421008
Author(s):
LIU Chun1; 2; WANG Xian-sheng1; MA Hao1
1State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement；Soybean Research Instiute，Nanjing Agricultural University，Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu；
2Department of Life Science，Hengyang Normal University，Hengyang 421008,Hunan,China
关键词:
大豆; 种子贮藏蛋白; 遗传改良; 7S和11S; 亚基
Keywords:
Soybean; Seed storage protein; Genetic improvement; 7S and 11S; Subunits
分类号:
S565.1
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2008.05.0866
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
大豆种子中含有40%左右的蛋白质，是世界重要的植物蛋白来源，7S和11S组分是大豆种子贮藏蛋白的主要构成部分，约占70%。7S组分主要由α＇、α、β亚基构成，这三个亚基分别由Cgy1、Cgy2和Cgy3基因控制；11Ｓ组分由酸性多肽链和碱性多肽链组成的Ａ1aＢ1b、Ａ1bＢ2、Ａ2Ｂ1a、Ａ3Ｂ4和Ａ5Ａ4Ｂ3等五个亚基构成。这些亚基分别由Gy1、Gy2、Gy3、Gy4和Gy5基因控制。大豆种子贮藏蛋白亚基变异类型丰富，除对大豆种质进行筛选外，国外研究者已通过杂交育种和辐射诱变育种培育出了高11S/7S比值的品系。通过外源基因导入和编码大豆贮藏蛋白基因修饰来提高大豆种子蛋白品质的遗传工程方面已经起步。理化诱变也是改良大豆蛋白品质的一条可行途径。所有这些研究对于改良大豆贮藏蛋白的营养价值和加工品质都具有重要意义。
Abstract:
Soybean seeds are one of the most-important vegetable protein sources because of their high protein content (about 40%).The storage proteins in soybean seeds consist of two major components，7S globulin (α-conglycinin) and 11S globulin (glycinin)，which together account for about 70% of the total seed protein.7S globulin consists of three primary subunits，α’，α and β，α’，α and β are encoded by Cgy1、Cgy2和Cgy3respectively；11S globulin consists of five major subunits which designated as Ａ1aＢ1b、Ａ1bＢ2、Ａ2Ｂ1a、Ａ3Ｂ4和Ａ5Ａ4Ｂ3respectively.Each subunit is composed of two parts：an acidic polypeptide and a basic polypeptide，which are linked by a single disulfide bond.The five subunits are encoded by five genes，which are designated as Gy1、Gy2、Gy3、Gy4和Gy5，respectively.There is great genetic diversity of the relative contents of seed storage protein and their subunits in soybean germplasm.In addition to screening soybean germplasm for variation，high 11S/7S ratio lines have been obtained by crossing breeding and radiation induction.The genetic engineering of soybean proteins by introduction of foreign genes into transgenic soybean plants and modification of genes encoding storage proteins of soybeans have been started.Physic-chemic induction is also a feasible method to improve soybean protein quality.All of these are very important to improve the functional and nutritional properties of soybean proteins.

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备注/Memo

基金项目：引进国际先进农业技术计划（948计划）资助项目(2001-207)；高等学校学科创新引智计划资助。

作者简介：刘春(1978-)，男，硕士，讲师，现主要从事大豆品质改良与利用方面的研究。

更新日期/Last Update: 2014-10-06