[1]闫春娟,王文斌,王昌陵,等.不同时期水分胁迫对御旱基因型大豆生理特性和产量的影响[J].大豆科学,2024,43(04):450-462.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.10009841.2024.04.0450]
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不同时期水分胁迫对御旱基因型大豆生理特性和产量的影响

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第43卷 期数: 2024年04期 页码: 450-462 栏目: 出版日期: 2024-07-20
Title:
Effects of Water Stress in Different Phases on Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Droughtavoidant Soybean
作者:
闫春娟1; 王文斌1; 王昌陵1; 陈艳秋1; 张立军1; 韩进1; 2; 都梓月1; 2; 李盛有1
1.辽宁省农业科学院作物所，辽宁 沈阳 110161；2.东北农业大学 农学院，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150030
关键词:
水分胁迫; 大豆; 御旱基因型; 产量; 生理特性
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.10009841.2024.04.0450
摘要:
为探讨御旱基因型大豆应答干旱胁迫生理和产量的响应机制，以御旱型辽豆14和干旱敏感型辽豆21为试验材料，分析不同生长阶段及抗性品种间的变化规律。2021和2022年连续两年分析水分胁迫对大豆株高、叶面积指数、叶绿素含量、器官生物量、器官含水量、根冠比等生理特性，产量及相关性状的影响。结果表明：随着生育进程的推进，各处理植株的株高、叶面积指数、各器官生物量逐渐累积，整体表现为：鼓粒期>结荚期>开花期>营养生长期。各个时期控水土壤干旱胁迫使植株的叶绿素含量、叶面积指数、株高、各器官含水量降低，但使植株的根冠比提高。相同水分条件下，叶绿素含量整体表现为辽豆21>辽豆14。植株各器官含水量表现为辽豆14>辽豆21。2021年结荚期和鼓粒期控水时，辽豆14的叶面积指数和株高高于辽豆21。同一时期控水，土壤水分提高使大豆根、茎、叶、叶柄、荚皮的干重提高，2020年结荚期和鼓粒期控水时，御旱基因型辽豆14的叶柄干重均显著高于干旱敏感型辽豆21。适宜土壤水分含量条件下两个品种的单株荚数、单株粒数和单株产量较高。各个时期控水，品种差异均显著影响大豆的单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重和单株产量。同一时期相同水分条件下，大豆的单株荚数、单株粒数和单株产量表现为：辽豆14>辽豆21；而百粒重则表现为：辽豆21>辽豆14。本研究揭示了御旱基因型大豆应答干旱胁迫的生理特征，对指导我国大豆抗旱生产栽培具有重要的理论价值。

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更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01