ZHAO Chao-sen,WANG Rui-zhen,LI Ying-hui,et al.Comprehensive Analysis and Evaluation of the Phenotype and Quality Traits of Jiangxi Soybean Germplasm Resources[J].Soybean Science,2019,38(05):686-693.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.05.0686]
江西大豆种质资源表型及品质性状综合分析与评价
- Title:
- Comprehensive Analysis and Evaluation of the Phenotype and Quality Traits of Jiangxi Soybean Germplasm Resources
- Keywords:
- Soybean; Germplasm resources; Jiangxi province; Phenotype; Quality
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 为评价江西省大豆种质资源的表型多样性，给亲本选择和品种改良提供科学依据，以431份江西省大豆种质资源为对象，分析13个描述型性状的遗传多样性，并对6个重要农艺性状和品质性状的遗传变异度及其相关性进行综合分析与评价。结果表明：13个描述型性状多样性指数为0.073 3～1.331 6，株高多样性指数最高，而子叶色多样性指数最小；6个农艺及品质性状的遗传变异系数为3.19%～43.18%，蛋脂总含量的遗传变异最小，而株高的遗传变异最大；生育日数、株高、百粒重的遗传变异系数大，而品质性状的遗传变异系数小；蛋白质含量和蛋脂总含量高而脂肪含量低是江西省大豆种质资源的突出特点。相关分析表明生育日数与株高、百粒重、脂肪含量极显著正相关，百粒重与蛋白质含量无显著相关性。筛选出21份优异种质，其中靖安大黄豆、萍乡白毛豆、贵溪懒豆3份大豆种质的蛋白质含量超过52%。本研究揭示了江西省大豆种质资源遗传多样性的丰富程度及其群体品质性状的突出特征，筛选出的高蛋白质大豆种质可用于江西省及我国高蛋白质大豆新品种选育、种质创新和蛋白质特异基因挖掘。
- Abstract:
- This study attempted to evaluate the diversity of Jiangxi soybean germplasm resources by phenotypic characters and thus provide scientific basis for parental selection and variety improvement. A total of 13 phenotype and 6 quality characters were investigated on 431 Jiangxi soybean germplasm resources. The genetic diversity of 13 descriptive traits ranged from 0.073 3 to 1.331 6. The diversity index of plant height was the largest, while the diversity index of cotyledon color was the smallest. The variation coefficient of 6 agronomic and quality traits ranged from 3.19% to 43.18%. The variation of total protein and fat content was the smallest and that of plant height was the largest. Growth duration, plant height and 100-seed weight were presented more large genetic variation coefficient, but the genetic variation coefficient of quality traits was small. High protein content, high total protein and fat content, but low fat content was the prominent characteristics of Jiangxi soybean germplasm resources. By correlation analysis, growth duration was positively correlated with plant height, 100-seed weight and fat content at P<0.01 level, while 100-seed weight was not significantly correlated with protein content at P<0.05 level. 21 excellent germplasm were selected from 431 accessions. In which, 3 accessions of Dahuangzhu, Baimaodou and Landou originated in Jingan, Pingxiang and Guixi respectively, had protein content exceeded 52%, they were the basis resource of new high-protein soybean varieties breeding, germplasm innovation and protein-specific gene mining in Jiangxi province and the whole China.
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