[1]张阳,黄炳林,张明聪,等.氮磷调控对大豆-玉米轮作周年产量和养分利用效率的影响[J].大豆科学,2019,38(05):762-769.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.05.0762]
　ZHANG Yang,HUANG Bing-lin,ZHANG Ming-cong,et al.Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Regulation on Crop Yield and Nutrient Efficiency Under Soybean and Maize Rotation[J].Soybean Science,2019,38(05):762-769.[doi:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.05.0762]
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氮磷调控对大豆-玉米轮作周年产量和养分利用效率的影响

《大豆科学》[ISSN:1000-9841/CN:23-1227/S] 卷: 第38卷 期数: 2019年05期 页码: 762-769 栏目: 出版日期: 2019-09-20
Title:
Effect of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Regulation on Crop Yield and Nutrient Efficiency Under Soybean and Maize Rotation
作者:
张阳; 黄炳林; 张明聪; 金喜军; 王孟雪; 胡国华; 张玉先
（黑龙江八一农垦大学 农学院， 黑龙江 大庆 163319）
Author(s):
(Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China)
关键词:
大豆-玉米轮作; 氮磷调控; 产量; 养分利用效率
Keywords:
Soybean-maize rotation;  Nitrogen and phosphorus regulation;  Yield;  Nutrient utilization efficiency
DOI:
10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2019.05.0762
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
为探讨周年不同氮磷调控施肥对大豆-玉米轮作周年产量及养分利用效率的影响，明确黑龙江垦区大豆-玉米轮作体系下最优的氮磷配施模式，于2017-2018年在黑龙江省九三管局鹤山农场科技园区进行小区试验，分别实施豆-玉轮作和玉-豆轮作，研究氮磷肥总用量不变条件下，大豆茬口减氮增磷和玉米茬口增氮减磷的调控模式对大豆-玉米轮作体系氮、磷、钾养分吸收利用效率及产量的调控效应。结果表明：（1）与常规施肥相比，大豆茬口减施1/2氮肥、增施1/2玉米磷肥（S2处理）和玉米茬口增施1/2大豆氮肥、减施1/2磷肥（M2处理）的调控模式可提高大豆、玉米单季产量，显著增加轮作周年籽粒产量，与当地常规施肥相比，豆-玉轮作模式下周年产量增幅达10.05%，玉-豆轮作模式下周年产量增幅达13.40%；（2）不同氮磷调控处理的氮、磷、钾素积累总量、氮、磷、钾肥偏生产力、氮、磷、钾肥吸收效率均以轮作条件下大豆茬口S2处理和玉米M2处理最高，与常规施肥相比，豆-玉和玉-豆轮作下周年氮素积累总量、氮肥偏生产力和氮素吸收效率分别增加22.90%、10.09%、25.12%和11.10%、13.44%、1.39%；周年地上部磷素总积累量、磷肥偏生产力和磷素吸收效率分别增加8.24%、12.50%、7.58%和6.90%、13.45%、8.45%；周年地上部钾素总积累量、钾肥偏生产力和钾素吸收效率分别增加18.93%、12.50%、19.06%和0.52%、13.45%、0.71%。综合结果表明，在保证一个轮作周期施肥总量不变的情况下，大豆茬口减施1/2氮肥，增施1/2玉米磷肥和玉米茬口增施1/2大豆氮肥，减施1/2磷肥的调控模式有利于养分利用效率和产量的同步提高，可作为黑龙江垦区大豆-玉米轮作种植、高产高效施肥的优选模式。
Abstract:
This research was conducted to explore the effect of different year-round regulation models of combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients on grain yield and nutrient efficiency of soybean-maize rotation system, in order to identify an optimal model under soybean-maize rotation system in Heilongjiang reclamation region.The field experiment was persistently performed in black soil area located in Heshan Farm Technological Park,Jiusan Administration Bureau of Heilongjiang province in two growing seasons(2017 and 2018),soybean-maize and maize-soybean rotation were planted respectively in 2017, reducing nitrogen and increasing phosphorus in soybean stubble,increasing nitrogen and reducing phosphorus in maize stubble,to ensure that the total amount of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer was the same during rotation period. And the effects of this rotation on absorbance and utilization of N, P, K fertilizers and yield by soybean and maize crops were studies. The results showed that:(1)Compared with conventional fertilization, S2 treatment of decreasing 1/2 N fertilizer on soybean and increasing 1/2 P fertilizer on maize in soybean stubble and M2 treatment of increasing 1/2 N fertilizer on soybean and decreasing 1/2 P fertilizer on maize could improve the single yield of soybean and maize.And the annual yield of the crop rotation significantly increased, in which the annual yield of soybean-maize rotation increased by 10.05%,the annual yield of maize-soybean rotation increased by 13.44%.(2)Compared with conventional fertilization,the total amount of N, P, K nutrients in the aboveground, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer partial factor productivity, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium uptake efficiency of the S2 treatment in soybean reason and M2 treatment in maize in the rotation system were higher than other treatments, in which the total nitrogen uptakes, NPFP, NUPE increased by 22.90%, 10.09%, 25.12% and 11.10%, 13.44%, 1.39%. Total phosphorus uptakes, PPFP and PUPE increased by 8.24%, 12.50%, 7.58% and 6.90%, 13.45%, 8.45%. Total potassium uptakes, KPFP and KUPE increased by 18.93%, 12.50%, 19.06% and 0.52%, 13.45%, 0.71%. In conclusion, under the condition of ensuring the same amount of fertilizer during rotation period,decreasing 1/2 N fertilizer of soybean and increasing 1/2 phosphorus fertilizer of maize in soybean stubble, increasing 1/2 N fertilizer of soybean and decreasing 1/2 phosphorus fertilizer of maize in maize stubble could improve the utilization efficiency of three main nutrients and yield of soybean and maize crops. This model could be an optimal model of main nutrient application for soybean and maize yields and use efficiency of fertilizers in soybean and maize rotation in the Jiusan Administration Bureau of Heilongjiang province.

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相似文献/References:

[1]张明聪,何松榆,金喜军,等.氮磷调控对大豆-玉米轮作下植株光合生产能力和产量的影响[J].大豆科学,2018,37(06):883.[doi:1011861/jissn1000-98412018060883]
　ZHANG Ming-cong,HE Song-yu,JIN Xi-jun,et al.Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Regulation on Photosynthetic Capacity and Yield under Soybean and Maize Rotation[J].Soybean Science,2018,37(05):883.[doi:1011861/jissn1000-98412018060883]

备注/Memo

收稿日期：2019-04-04

基金项目：国家自然科学基金（31801303）；黑龙江八一农垦大学博士科研启动基金（XYB2014-04）；黑龙江省自然基金面上项目（C2016042）；中国博士后科学基金（2016M591568）；现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-04-PS17）。
第一作者简介：张阳(1994-)，男，硕士，主要从事大豆高产生理生态研究。E-mail：zy1994611@163.com。
通讯作者：张玉先(1968-)，男，教授，博导，主要从事大豆逆境栽培生理和轮作体系研究。E-mail：zyx_lxy@126.com。

更新日期/Last Update: 2019-09-20