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Title:: Effects of Super-High-Yield Soybean Cultivars as Ｒootstocks on AgronomicTraits of Cultivars Ｒeleaseds in Different Decades

Author(s):: TENG Fei1; LI Sheng-you1; ＲAO De-min1; YAO Xing-dong1; ZHANG Hui-jun1; WANG Hai-ying1; STEVENSt. Martin2; XIE Fu-ti1; ( 1. Soybean Ｒesearch Institute of Shenyang Agricultural University，Shenyang 110866，China; 2. Horticulture and Crop Science Department of The OhioState University，OH 43210，USA)

Keywords:: Soybean; Grafting; Agronomic traits; Super-high-yield cultivars; Yield; Genetic improvement

Abstract:: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of super-high-yield soybean cultivars as rootstocks on agronomictraits of cultivars released in different decades，thus to reveal the important role of root improvement in soybean breeding.The cultivars，released in different decades by Liaoning，China and Ohio，USA，having the common ancestors Amsoyand Williams，were used to graft onto the rootstocks of super-high-yield cultivars Liaodou 14 and Zhonghuang 35，respectively.After harvest，the agronomic traits were determined. The results showed that there was significant effect of grafting treatmenton agronomic traits. And there was no significant change of agronomic traits between the self-grafting and non-graftingtreatments. Compared with self-grafting treatment，grafting cultivars onto the rootstocks super-high-yield cultivars Liaodou 14or Zhonghuang 35 had no significant change of plant height，stem node or branches number，but showed increased pods perplant，100-seed weight，seed-stem ratio and seeds weight per plant. Compared with the self-grafted rootstocks，grafting cultivarsonto the rootstocks super-high-yield cultivars，the seed weight per plant of common parent，Ohio middle，Liaoning middle，Ohio current and Liaoning current cultivars were improved by 4. 47%，6. 89%，9. 35%，15. 65% and 19. 85%，respectively.These indicated that the improvement of root system could lead to a significantly increased of soybean yield.