Abstract

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Author(s):: ZHAO Shuang-jin; ZHAO Xin; TANG Xiao-dong; ZHANG Ji-zong; XU You; FENG Yan; ZHANG Meng-chen

Abstract:: To discuss on the characteristics of high yield varieties, and provide theoretical basis for high yield breeding of summer soybean,the growth and development characteristics of six high yield potential and other fiftyseven summer sowing soybean varieties were investigated from 2007 to 2010.As a result,it found that the summer soybean varieties with higher yield should have the following characteristics:(ⅰ)higher plants(R=0.551 6*),more effective pods(R=0.739 7*)and more seeds per pod(R=0.318 9);(ⅱ)more flowers per plant(>130),higher pod setting rate(>52%)and lower pod-dropping rate(<40%);(ⅲ)longer main roots length and lateral roots length(more than 20 cm and 15 cm,respectively),shorter basal internode(the length of six basal internodes was less than 25 cm),lower plant gravity(<40 cm);(ⅳ)higher stem dry weight and higher dry matter translocation rate(average 4.29 g);(ⅴ)gained weight continuously in late seed filling stage.It also proposed the ideal growth stage model for summer planting soybean,with the duration between adjacent stage of sowing,emergence,flowering,beginning seed and mature were 5,29-33,29-33,32-36 days,respectively.This pattern could not only satisfy the ecological condition of double cropping system,but also balance the full development of vegetative and reproductive growth,hence,promote the yield formation of summer planting soybean.